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  3. Flightless Cormorant

One of the 13 cormorants on WAnimals

Birds · Suliformes · Phalacrocoracidae

Flightless Cormorant

Nannopterum harrisi

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

The flightless cormorant is the only cormorant in the world to have lost the power of flight. Its wings are reduced to feathered stumps a third of the size needed to lift it. It lives only on the western coasts of two Galápagos islands, where it dives among the rocks chasing octopus, eels and fish with its powerful webbed feet. The whole world population is around a thousand pairs.

Weight

2.5 kg – 5 kg

Size

89 cm – 1 m

Life expectancy

13 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

Estimated population

Some 1,000-2,000 individuals

OceanIslands
1countries1parks12same family

Fun facts

  • It is the only cormorant in the world unable to fly: on islands without land predators, wings stopped paying their way and evolution put that energy into enormous legs and diving muscles instead.
  • It keeps the behaviour of its flying relatives: after every dive it spreads its stunted wings in the sun to dry them, a gesture that is no longer of any use for flying but that its instinct has preserved intact.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Rocky volcanic coasts and shallow waters of Fernandina and Isabela islands, in the Galápagos
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
35 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
3 eggs

Sources consulted: IUCN Red List · Animal Diversity Web · Wikipedia (es)

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Flightless Cormorant — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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How to help

The flightless cormorant is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 1 protected area — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about flightless cormorant.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the flightless cormorant.
See full glossary
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CountriesEcuador
ParksGalápagos National ParkEcuador
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Vulnerable
Bird
Ocean
Islands
Ecuador