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  3. Four-horned Antelope

One of the 9 antelopes on WAnimals

Mammals · Artiodactyla · Bovidae

Four-horned Antelope

Tetracerus quadricornis

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

The four-horned antelope, or chousingha, is the only bovid in the world with four horns: the males carry a normal pair between the ears and a much shorter pair, sometimes barely two centimetres long, on the forehead. It is small, shy and solitary, and lives in open woodland of the Indian subcontinent always near a water source, on which it depends daily. Forest fragmentation and hunting have reduced it to isolated populations.

Weight

17 kg – 25 kg

Size

80 cm – 1.1 m

Life expectancy

10 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Moderate

Temperate forestGrassland
2countries15parks86same family

Fun facts

  • GeneralThe only bovid in the world with four horns rather than two.
  • It is the only living bovid with four horns: the front pair, shorter and sometimes reduced to two bumps, has no equivalent in any other antelope or bovine in the world.
  • It needs water daily, which keeps it always close to streams and pools and leaves it very vulnerable when those sources dry up or are fenced off for livestock.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Open deciduous forest with a grassy understorey and water nearby, in India and Nepal
Sexual maturity
12 months
Gestation / incubation
7 months
Litter / clutch size
1.5 (average)

Sources consulted: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-horned_antelope

Where to find it

Loading map…

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 15.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Four-horned Antelope — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park

How to help

The four-horned antelope is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 10 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about four-horned antelope.

Comments

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
See its range on the interactive map→
Chitwan National ParkNepal
RanthamboreIndia
GirIndia
KanhaIndia
BandhavgarhIndia
NagarholeIndia
PannaIndia
Tadoba-AndhariIndia
SimlipalIndia
BandipurIndia
See all 15 parks
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Water BuffaloNot Evaluated

Water Buffalo

Bubalus bubalis

UrialVulnerable

Urial

Ovis vignei

Sloth BearVulnerable

Sloth Bear

Melursus ursinus

CountriesIndia
ParksChitwan National ParkNepal
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
Solitary
Vulnerable
Temperate forest
Grassland
Mammal
India
Nepal