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  3. Jackson's Three-horned Chameleon

One of the 6 chameleons on WAnimals

Reptiles · Squamata · Chamaeleonidae

Jackson's Three-horned Chameleon

Trioceros jacksonii

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

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Unlike most chameleons, which lay eggs, it is ovoviviparous and gives birth to fully formed young, an adaptation to the cold of its mountain habitat.

Weight

33 g on average

Size

25 cm – 38 cm

Life expectancy

5 years

Diet

Insectivore

Feeds mainly on insects and other invertebrates.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Mountain
3countries8parks5same family

Fun facts

  • Males have three horns reminiscent of Triceratops, used in territorial fights.
  • It catches small insects and other invertebrates with its projectile tongue.
  • It lives in cool, humid mountain forest of Kenya and northern Tanzania, at altitudes up to 3,000 metres.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (reptile)
Habitat and environment
Cool, humid mountain forest of Kenya and northern Tanzania, at altitudes up to 2,500-3,000 metres
Birth weight
~5 cm long and a few grams at birth (ovoviviparous, born live)
Size at birth
5-6 cm long at birth, wholly independent and able to hunt hours later
Sexual maturity
5-10 months (usual reference 9-10 months)
Gestation / incubation
5-10 months of gestation (the sources vary markedly: 5-6 months by some accounts, 9-10 by others)
Litter / clutch size
8 to 30 live young per litter
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 10 years in captivity

Sources consulted: Animals Fandom Wiki; About Animals; Animal Kingdom; Animal Diversity Web; Animalia.bio; Alchetron; Animal Spot; Wikipedia (Jackson's chameleon); Chameleon Forums

Where to find it

Best time: All year round in the montane forests of Kenya and Tanzania, between 1,500 and 2,400 m, by day; also in the introduced populations on Hawaii.

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Jackson's Three-horned Chameleon — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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Same taxonomic family
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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about jackson's three-horned chameleon.

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See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
Hawaii VolcanoesUnited States
KilimanjaroTanzania
AberdareKenya
HaleakalaUnited States
Mount ElgonKenya
Mount KenyaKenya
NairobiKenya
ArushaTanzania
Common AgamaLeast Concern

Common Agama

Agama agama

Not Evaluated

Veiled Chameleon

Chamaeleo calyptratus

Least Concern

Narina Trogon

Apaloderma narina

Least Concern

Helmeted Turtle

Pelomedusa subrufa

Black MambaLeast Concern

Black Mamba

Dendroaspis polylepis

Least Concern

Common House Gecko

Hemidactylus frenatus

CountriesKenya
ParksHawaii VolcanoesUnited States
TagsInsectivore
Insectivore
Diurnal
Solitary
Reptile
Mountain
Kenya
Tanzania
United States