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  1. Home
  2. Species
  3. Leopard Seal

One of the 13 seals on WAnimals

Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx)

Mammals · Carnivora · Phocidae

Leopard Seal

Hydrurga leptonyx

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

It is considered the most aggressive seal and one of the most versatile predators in the Southern Ocean, with specialised rear molars that interlock to strain krill from the water.

Weight

320 kg – 500 kg

Size

2.4 m – 3.5 m

Life expectancy

20 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Polar
6countries16parks3dive sites14same family1featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It combines active hunting and filter feeding in a single species, which is unusual among pinnipeds.
  • It eats krill, fish, squid, penguins and smaller seals.
  • It lives in Antarctic and subantarctic waters of the southern hemisphere.
  • comportamientoIt is one of the main predators of penguins in Antarctica, and can shake its prey violently to strip off the skin before eating it.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Antarctic and subantarctic waters of the southern hemisphere, among the Antarctic sea ice
Birth weight
30-35 kg and 1-1.6 m long at birth
Size at birth
30-35 kg and 1-1.6 m at birth
Gestation / incubation
~11 months, including ~2 months of delayed implantation
Litter / clutch size
1 young per birth
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 17.3 years

Sources consulted: MarineBio · Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition · Dimensions.com · SeaWorld/United Parks · Oceanwide Expeditions · AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · A-Z Animals · Springer (reproductive biology study)

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 13 of 19.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Leopard Seal — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about leopard seal.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the leopard seal.
See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
Cape AdareAntarctica
Deception IslandAntarctica
Signy IslandAntarctica
Southern Powell Island and adjacent islands, South Orkney IslandsAntarctica
Ross Sea (Marine Protected Area)Antarctica
Amanda BayAntarctica
Avian IslandAntarctica
Heard and McDonald IslandsAustralia
Bouvet IslandNorway
Peter I IslandNorway
Deception IslandAntarctica
Paradise HarbourAntarctica
South GeorgiaSouth Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
See all 16 parks
Crabeater SealLeast Concern

Crabeater Seal

Lobodon carcinophaga

Weddell SealLeast Concern

Weddell Seal

Leptonychotes weddellii

Southern Elephant SealVulnerable

Southern Elephant Seal

Mirounga leonina

Vulnerable

Porbeagle

Lamna nasus

Minke WhaleLeast Concern

Minke Whale

Balaenoptera acutorostrata

Humpback WhaleLeast Concern

Humpback Whale

Megaptera novaeangliae

CountriesAntarctica
ParksCape AdareAntarctica
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Variable activity
Solitary
Polar
Mammal
Antarctica
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
Argentina
Chile
Falkland Islands
French Southern Territories