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  3. Black-and-white Ruffed Lemur

One of the 6 lemurs on WAnimals

Mammals · Primates · Lemuridae

Black-and-white Ruffed Lemur

Varecia variegata

Critically Endangered

At extremely high risk of imminent extinction in the wild.

Spotted something wrong?

It is one of the largest known pollinators in the world: it feeds on flowers face-first, and the pollen sticks to the fur of its face and travels from tree to tree. Unlike other lemurs, it carries its young in its mouth.

Weight

3.1 kg – 4.5 kg

Size

1 m – 1.2 m

Life expectancy

20 years

Diet

Frugivore

Feeds mainly on fruit.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Family group

Lives in small family groups with close bonds.

Sighting difficulty

Very hard

Rainforest
1countries5parks3same family

Fun facts

  • It is one of the largest pollinators known among the mammals.
  • It carries its young in its mouth, not clinging to its body as most lemurs do.
  • More than half its births are twins.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
High-canopy tropical rainforest of the east coast of Madagascar
Birth weight
107.17 grams
Size at birth
Extremely undeveloped at birth, carried in its mother's mouth and parked in nests while she forages, unlike most lemurs
Sexual maturity
1.5-3 years
Gestation / incubation
90-120 days (~3-4 months), notably short for its body size
Litter / clutch size
1 to 6 young per litter (2-3 most often), with over 50% of births being twins
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 36-40 years in captivity

Sources consulted: AnAge; Animalia.bio; SeaWorld/Busch Gardens; Smithsonian National Zoo; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center; Animal Diversity Web; Duke Lemur Center

Where to find it

Best time: All year round in the rainforests of eastern Madagascar, by day; at Andasibe and Ranomafana its strident chorus carries for kilometres.

Loading map…

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Black-and-white Ruffed Lemur — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

How to help

The black-and-white ruffed lemur is classified as critically endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 5 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about black-and-white ruffed lemur.

Comments

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See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
Andasibe-MantadiaMadagascar
RanomafanaMadagascar
MarojejyMadagascar
MasoalaMadagascar
ZahamenaMadagascar
Endangered

Ring-tailed Lemur

Lemur catta

Near Threatened

Brown Lemur

Eulemur fulvus

Critically Endangered

Mongoose Lemur

Eulemur mongoz

IndriCritically Endangered

Indri

Indri indri

Critically Endangered

Golden Mantella

Mantella aurantiaca

Least Concern

Lowland Streaked Tenrec

Hemicentetes semispinosus

CountriesMadagascar
ParksAndasibe-MantadiaMadagascar
TagsFrugivore
Frugivore
Diurnal
Family group
Critically Endangered
Rainforest
Mammal
Madagascar