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  3. Great Spotted Kiwi

One of the 3 kiwis on WAnimals

Great Spotted Kiwi (Apteryx haastii)

Birds · Apterygiformes · Apterygidae

Great Spotted Kiwi

Apteryx haastii

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

The great spotted kiwi, or roroa, is the largest of the kiwis, a flightless bird endemic to New Zealand with feathers that look like hair, wings reduced to stubs and a long bill with the nostrils at the tip. It is nocturnal and tracks invertebrates on the forest floor by smell, a sense all but redundant in other birds. Introduced stoats and dogs are its main threat.

Weight

1.8 kg – 3.5 kg

Size

45 cm – 50 cm

Life expectancy

40 years

Diet

Insectivore

Feeds mainly on insects and other invertebrates.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Estimated population

Around 16,000 individuals

Temperate forestMountainIslands
1countries6parks2same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It is the only bird in the world with its nostrils at the tip of its bill: it sniffs the ground as it probes the leaf litter, and its olfactory bulb is enormous in proportion to its brain.
  • It lays the largest egg in the world relative to body size: up to a quarter of the female's weight, the equivalent of a woman giving birth to a four-year-old child.
  • It has a body temperature of around 38 degrees, lower than any other bird's and closer to a mammal's, and it also has marrow in its bones as mammals do.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Native forest, subalpine scrub and tussock grassland of the north-west of New Zealand's South Island
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
75 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
1 egg

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Apteryx haastii

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Great Spotted Kiwi — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

How to help

The great spotted kiwi is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 6 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about great spotted kiwi.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the great spotted kiwi.
See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
FiordlandNew Zealand
Abel TasmanNew Zealand
PaparoaNew Zealand
Nelson LakesNew Zealand
KahurangiNew Zealand
Arthur's PassNew Zealand
Southern Brown KiwiVulnerable

Southern Brown Kiwi

Apteryx australis

Vulnerable

North Island Brown Kiwi

Apteryx mantelli

Southern Royal AlbatrossVulnerable

Southern Royal Albatross

Diomedea epomophora

WekaVulnerable

Weka

Gallirallus australis

Bristle-thighed CurlewVulnerable

Bristle-thighed Curlew

Numenius tahitiensis

KeaEndangered

Kea

Nestor notabilis

CountriesNew Zealand
ParksFiordlandNew Zealand
TagsInsectivore
Insectivore
Nocturnal
In pairs
Vulnerable
Bird
Temperate forest
Mountain
Islands
New Zealand