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  3. Southern Brown Kiwi

One of the 3 brown kiwis on WAnimals

Southern Brown Kiwi (Apteryx australis)

Birds · Apterygiformes · Apterygidae

Southern Brown Kiwi

Apteryx australis

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

The southern brown kiwi, or tokoeka, is one of the five kiwi species, flightless birds endemic to New Zealand and a national symbol of the country. It is nocturnal, with feathers that look like hair, vestigial wings and a long bill with the nostrils at the tip, with which it probes the ground by smell. The Stewart Island population is exceptional: it is the only one that is also active by day.

Weight

2.2 kg – 2.5 kg

Size

45 cm – 55 cm

Life expectancy

35 years

Diet

Insectivore

Feeds mainly on insects and other invertebrates.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Temperate forestMountainIslands
1countries5parks2same family1featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • Kiwis lay the largest egg in the world in proportion to the body, and have one of the longest incubations: almost three months, against three weeks for a hen.
  • The male does the incubating in most species, and in the southern brown kiwi the pairs are monogamous for life and defend the same territory for decades.
  • New Zealanders call themselves Kiwis, and the bird is the country's national symbol even though most of them have never seen one in the wild.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Native forest, scrub and tussock grassland of the South Island and Stewart Island, New Zealand
Sexual maturity
4 years
Gestation / incubation
2.5 months
Litter / clutch size
1

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Apteryx australis

Where to find it

Loading map…

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Southern Brown Kiwi — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

How to help

The southern brown kiwi is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 5 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about southern brown kiwi.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the southern brown kiwi.
See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
See its range on the interactive map→
FiordlandNew Zealand
Rakiura (Stewart Island)New Zealand
KahurangiNew Zealand
Mount AspiringNew Zealand
Te WahipounamuNew Zealand
Great Spotted KiwiVulnerable

Great Spotted Kiwi

Apteryx haastii

Vulnerable

North Island Brown Kiwi

Apteryx mantelli

Southern Royal AlbatrossVulnerable

Southern Royal Albatross

Diomedea epomophora

WekaVulnerable

Weka

Gallirallus australis

KeaEndangered

Kea

Nestor notabilis

Yellow-eyed PenguinEndangered

Yellow-eyed Penguin

Megadyptes antipodes

CountriesNew Zealand
ParksFiordlandNew Zealand
TagsInsectivore
Insectivore
Nocturnal
In pairs
Vulnerable
Bird
Temperate forest
Mountain
Islands
New Zealand