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  3. Hispid Cotton Rat

One of the 11 rats on WAnimals

Mammals · Rodentia · Cricetidae

Hispid Cotton Rat

Sigmodon hispidus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

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The hispid cotton rat is one of the most abundant rodents in the southern United States, Mexico and Central America. It lives in dense grassland and along field edges, where it opens small runways through the grass and builds nests of plant material. It breeds at an extraordinary rate: females can conceive again on the very day they give birth, and the young are fertile at six weeks. It is the mainstay of the diet of the region's raptors, snakes and small carnivores.

Weight

100 g – 225 g

Size

12 cm – 20 cm

Life expectancy

2 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Grassland
11countries54parks9same family

Fun facts

  • Its breeding cycle is among the fastest of any mammal: a female can give birth every month from two months of age, and its populations increase tenfold in a single favourable season.
  • It is an important laboratory model in research on human respiratory viruses, because it responds to some of them more like people do than mice do.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Tall grassland, field margins, roadside verges and herbaceous scrub of southern North America and Central America
Sexual maturity
40 days
Gestation / incubation
27 days
Litter / clutch size
5

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Sigmodon hispidus

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 54.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Hispid Cotton Rat — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about hispid cotton rat.

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
EvergladesUnited States
Great Smoky MountainsUnited States
Big BendUnited States
Mammoth CaveUnited States
Sian Ka'anMexico
CalakmulMexico
Sumidero CanyonMexico
Sierra GordaMexico
CorcovadoCosta Rica
TortugueroCosta Rica
See all 54 parks
Least Concern

Common Muskrat

Ondatra zibethicus

Nine-banded ArmadilloLeast Concern

Nine-banded Armadillo

Dasypus novemcinctus

Least Concern

Eastern Mole

Scalopus aquaticus

Least Concern

Ord's Kangaroo Rat

Dipodomys ordii

Least Concern

Plains Pocket Gopher

Geomys bursarius

Least Concern

Eastern Cottontail

Sylvilagus floridanus

CountriesUnited States
ParksEvergladesUnited States
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Nocturnal
Variable activity
Solitary
Grassland
Mammal

North America9

South America2

United States
Costa Rica
Mexico
Panama
Guatemala
Honduras
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
United States
Colombia
Venezuela