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  3. Javan Rhinoceros

One of the 5 rhinoceroses on WAnimals

Mammals · Perissodactyla · Rhinocerotidae

Javan Rhinoceros

Rhinoceros sondaicus

Critically Endangered

At extremely high risk of imminent extinction in the wild.

Spotted something wrong?

The Javan rhinoceros is an endangered species belonging to the family Rhinocerotidae and one of the five living rhinoceros species. It belongs to the same genus as the Indian rhinoceros and shares many features with it. It differs mainly in size, in its less developed skin plates, and in differences of skull and teeth. Its horns are the smallest of any rhinoceros species and can often be absent in females.

Weight

900 kg – 2.3 t

Size

3 m – 3.2 m

Life expectancy

40 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Estimated population

Around 75 individuals, all in Ujung Kulon National Park

Rainforest
1countries1parks4same family

Fun facts

  • GeneralOne of the rarest large mammals in the world: fewer than 80 animals, in a single population.
  • conservaciónIt is the most threatened rhinoceros in the world, with a wild population estimated at only a few dozen, all of them confined to a single national park in Indonesia.
  • The whole species lives on a single peninsula of about 400 square kilometres, with not one individual in captivity anywhere in the world: a tsunami or a disease outbreak could finish it off within weeks.
  • The Vietnamese subspecies became extinct in 2010, when rangers found the last Javan rhinoceros on mainland Asia shot dead.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Lowland rainforest with wallows and dense secondary growth, in western Java
Sexual maturity
3.5 years
Gestation / incubation
16.5 months
Litter / clutch size
1

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Rhinoceros sondaicus

Where to find it

Loading map…

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Javan Rhinoceros — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

How to help

The javan rhinoceros is classified as critically endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 1 protected area — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about javan rhinoceros.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the javan rhinoceros.
See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
Ujung KulonIndonesia
Sumatran RhinocerosCritically Endangered

Sumatran Rhinoceros

Dicerorhinus sumatrensis

Sunda PangolinCritically Endangered

Sunda Pangolin

Manis javanica

Least Concern

Short-tailed Gymnure

Hylomys suillus

Endangered

Greater Slow Loris

Nycticebus coucang

Not Evaluated

Atlas Moth

Attacus atlas

Common Palm CivetLeast Concern

Common Palm Civet

Paradoxurus hermaphroditus

CountriesIndonesia
ParksUjung KulonIndonesia
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Variable activity
Solitary
Critically Endangered
Rainforest
Mammal
Indonesia