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  3. Plaice

Bony fish · Pleuronectiformes · Pleuronectidae

Plaice

Pleuronectes platessa

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

One-year-old fish keep strictly to the coast, while older age classes spread gradually into deeper water.

Weight

3.9 kg on average

Size

up to 1 m

Life expectancy

45 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Ocean
16countries15parks18dive sites1same family

Fun facts

  • It eats polychaetes, bivalve molluscs and small bottom-living crustaceans.
  • It lives on sandy bottoms of the North Sea, the Baltic and the north-eastern Atlantic.
  • It has reached a documented record of 45 years, according to otolith studies.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (fish)
Habitat and environment
Sandy bottoms of the North Sea, the Baltic and the north-eastern Atlantic, from Iceland to the Bay of Biscay
Birth weight
A symmetrical pelagic larva on hatching
Size at birth
A symmetrical pelagic larva on hatching
Sexual maturity
Mature at a length of between 24 and 42 cm
Gestation / incubation
Pelagic spawner: the eggs hatch in 2-3 weeks
Litter / clutch size
Numerous pelagic eggs released in the open waters of the North Sea

Sources consulted: ScienceDirect; ICES FishMap; FishBase; Academia.edu

Where to find it

Best time: From December to March, during spawning, when it gathers in shallow areas of the North Sea and the north-eastern Atlantic.

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 20 of 33.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Plaice — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about plaice.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Pembrokeshire CoastUnited Kingdom
NorthumberlandUnited Kingdom
Cíes IslandsSpain
Ria FormosaPortugal
KosterhavetSweden
UrdaibaiSpain
BurrenIreland
Wild NephinIreland
OosterscheldeNetherlands
SchiermonnikoogNetherlands
Scapa FlowUnited Kingdom
Farne IslandsUnited Kingdom
Lofoten (orcas)Norway
SaltstraumenNorway
Berlengas IslandsPortugal
St AbbsUnited Kingdom
Malin HeadIreland
Strýtan (hydrothermal chimney)Iceland
Cíes IslandsSpain
SesimbraPortugal
See all 15 parks
See all 18 dive sites
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European Hake

Merluccius merluccius

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Three-spined Stickleback

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CountriesUnited Kingdom
ParksPembrokeshire CoastUnited Kingdom
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Nocturnal
Solitary
Fish
Ocean

Europe15

Africa1

United Kingdom
Ireland
Portugal
Norway
Spain
Denmark
Belgium
Denmark
Estonia
France
Iceland
Ireland
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Morocco