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  3. Sea Lamprey

One of the 2 lampreys on WAnimals

Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Lampreys · Petromyzontiformes · Petromyzontidae

Sea Lamprey

Petromyzon marinus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

Accidentally introduced to the North American Great Lakes in the early 20th century, it has driven at least 3 native fish species to extinction there by parasitising them to death.

Weight

300 g – 1.4 kg

Size

35 cm – 90 cm

Life expectancy

8 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

OceanFreshwater
18countries45parks21dive sites1same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It drove at least 3 native fish species in the Great Lakes to extinction after it was introduced.
  • It fastens onto other fish with its sucker mouth to feed on blood and body fluids.
  • It is semelparous: it dies shortly after spawning, which it does only once in its life.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - jawless cartilaginous skeleton (agnathan)
Habitat and environment
Atlantic coasts and rivers of North America and Europe; introduced and highly invasive in the North American Great Lakes
Birth weight
A tiny egg; a blind ammocoete larva 11 mm long on hatching
Size at birth
A blind ammocoete larva some 11 mm long, which stays buried in sediment for 3 years or more
Sexual maturity
18 months to 5 years after metamorphosis, depending on how available hosts are
Gestation / incubation
10-13 days of egg development before hatching
Litter / clutch size
Tens of thousands of eggs per female in a single spawning

Sources consulted: PubMed (life cycle marine stage study); Sea Lamprey NJ DEP fact sheet; AnAge (genomics.senescence.info); Pond Informer; Illinois DNR; Animal Diversity Web; U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service; PubMed (oxidative stress ageing study)

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 20 of 66.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Sea Lamprey — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about sea lamprey.

Comments

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See full glossary
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The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Doñana National ParkSpain
AcadiaUnited States
Gros MorneCanada
FundyCanada
Point PeleeCanada
Wadden Sea National ParkDenmark
VoyageursUnited States
Isle RoyaleUnited States
Pembrokeshire CoastUnited Kingdom
NorthumberlandUnited Kingdom
Fathom Five National Marine Park (Tobermory)Canada
Scapa FlowUnited Kingdom
Farne IslandsUnited Kingdom
Berlengas IslandsPortugal
St AbbsUnited Kingdom
Malin HeadIreland
Thunder Bay National Marine SanctuaryUnited States
Block Island (Mohawk wreck)United States
Andrea DoriaUnited States
Isle Royale National ParkUnited States
See all 45 parks
See all 21 dive sites
Least Concern

River Lamprey

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Least Concern

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Lithobates catesbeianus

Least Concern

Eastern Newt

Notophthalmus viridescens

Least Concern

Longnose Gar

Lepisosteus osseus

Moray EelLeast Concern

Moray Eel

Muraena helena

European HakeLeast Concern

European Hake

Merluccius merluccius

CountriesCanada
ParksDoñana National ParkSpain
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Nocturnal
Solitary
Ocean
Freshwater

Europe15

North America2

Africa1

Canada
United Kingdom
United States
Portugal
Spain
Ireland
Belgium
Denmark
Estonia
France
Iceland
Ireland
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Canada
United States
Morocco