Canada

Canada holds the largest expanse of intact boreal forest on the planet, an unbroken belt of conifers, peatlands and lakes that crosses the country from coast to coast and stores gigantic amounts of carbon. To the north, the Arctic tundra and the polar archipelago hold polar bears, muskoxen, Arctic foxes and the caribou herds behind one of the last great land migrations in the northern hemisphere. To the west, the Rockies and the temperate rainforest of the Pacific coast, with Douglas firs and thousand-year-old cedars, support brown bears that feed on salmon and carry their nutrients deep into the forest. In the east, the Bay of Fundy records the highest tides in the world and feeds a tidal mudflat ecosystem that sustains millions of migrating shorebirds.