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  3. Timber Rattlesnake

One of the 26 snakes on WAnimals

Reptiles · Squamata · Viperidae

Timber Rattlesnake

Crotalus horridus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

The timber rattlesnake is a venomous snake of the subfamily Crotalinae that lives in the eastern United States. It is the only rattlesnake species across most of the north-eastern United States, and is second only to its western relative, the prairie rattlesnake, as the most northerly venomous snake in North America. It is known as the timber rattlesnake, canebrake rattlesnake or banded rattlesnake. No subspecies are recognised.

Weight

500 g – 2.5 kg

Size

90 cm – 1.5 m

Life expectancy

30 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Temperate forestMountain
2countries10parks22same family

Fun facts

  • GeneralVery reluctant to bite: it may lie coiled and motionless for a long while before striking.
  • sentidosIt can sense its prey's body heat through heat-sensing pits, even in the pitch dark of closed forest.
  • Its hibernation dens are communal and ancestral: dozens of snakes share the same rock crevice year after year for generations, and the young learn the route by following the adults' chemical trail. Destroying one den wipes out the population for kilometres around.
  • Females do not breed until they are over seven years old, and then only every three or four seasons: the slowest reproduction of any North American snake.
  • Related females have been documented staying together through gestation, and mothers staying with their young for the first few days, a degree of social care hardly expected in a snake.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (reptile)
Habitat and environment
Deciduous hillside woodland with rocky outcrops in eastern North America
Size at birth
25-40 cm at birth; it is viviparous
Sexual maturity
7 years
Gestation / incubation
4.4 months
Litter / clutch size
9

Sources consulted: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crotalus_horridus

Where to find it

Best time: From April to October in the eastern United States; in spring and autumn it gathers near the rocky dens where it hibernates.

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Timber Rattlesnake — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about timber rattlesnake.

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See full glossary
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CountriesUnited States
ParksGreat Smoky MountainsUnited States
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
Solitary
Reptile
Temperate forest
Mountain
United States
Canada