Birds · Galliformes · Cracidae

Horned Guan

Oreophasis derbianus

Endangered

It faces a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future. See full glossary

The horned guan, known in Spanish as guan cornudo or pavón cornudo and also as pavo de cacho, chachalaca cornuda, faisán de cuerno rojo, paují cornudo or simply pavón, is a species of galliform bird of the family Cracidae, the only one in the genus Oreophasis, found mainly in the humid montane forests of Chiapas between 2,500 and 3,350 m above sea level, although it can also be seen in other states of southern Mexico and very sparsely in Guatemala. This species is thought to be the only survivor of an ancient lineage of cracids that evolved independently of the rest of the family.

Weight

3 kg – 4.5 kg

Size

75 cm – 85 cm

Lifespan

20 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Sighting difficulty

Hard

2countries5parks5same family

Fun facts

  • The red horn on its forehead, present in both sexes, has no equivalent in any other bird in the world and its function is still unclear.
  • It is the only living representative of its genus and a relic of the Mesoamerican montane forests: its total range barely reaches a few thousand square kilometres spread across isolated volcanoes and sierras.

Life cycle & biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat & environment
Montane cloud forest of the highlands of Chiapas and Guatemala, between 1,500 and 3,350 metres
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
35 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
2 eggs

Sources consulted: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oreophasis_derbianus

Where to watch it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Horned Guan — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

How to help

The horned guan is classified as endangered. Organizations such as UICN, WWF y Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programs is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 3 real protected areas — part of why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about horned guan.

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