Cape Adare

At Cape Adare the first permanent building ever raised on the Antarctic continent was built in 1899, during Carsten Borchgrevink's expedition, which that same year also became the first human party deliberately to spend a full winter on Antarctic land. The headland today holds the largest Adélie penguin colony on the planet, with more than a quarter of a million breeding pairs, a sight — and a smell — that the first explorers described in extraordinary detail in their diaries, this being one of the first great human encounters with Antarctic wildlife in bulk.