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  3. Gopher Tortoise

One of the 41 turtles and tortoises on WAnimals

Reptiles · Testudines · Testudinidae

Gopher Tortoise

Gopherus polyphemus

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

The gopher tortoise is a land tortoise of the south-eastern United States that digs burrows more than ten metres long and several metres deep. Those tunnels are the hub of its whole ecosystem: more than three hundred species use them as shelter from fire, cold and predators, which makes it an ecosystem engineer of the first order.

Weight

4 kg – 6 kg

Size

23 cm – 38 cm

Life expectancy

60 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Moderate

Temperate forestDesertGrassland
1countries3parks13same family

Fun facts

  • Its burrows shelter more than three hundred different species, among them snakes, frogs, owls, rabbits and hundreds of invertebrates: it is one of the best-documented keystone species in North America.
  • Those tunnels are also a refuge from fire: longleaf pine woods burn frequently, and the wildlife that survives the fires does so largely underground, in this tortoise's burrows.
  • It takes between ten and twenty years to reach sexual maturity, and that extremely slow pace means a population takes decades to recover from any loss.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton with a shell (reptile)
Habitat and environment
Longleaf pine woods, sandy savannah and dry scrub of the south-eastern United States
Sexual maturity
10 years
Gestation / incubation
3 months
Litter / clutch size
8

Sources consulted: https://www.iucnredlist.org/ | https://animaldiversity.org/ | https://es.wikipedia.org/

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Gopher Tortoise — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
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How to help

The gopher tortoise is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 3 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about gopher tortoise.

Comments

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
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CountriesUnited States
ParksEvergladesUnited States
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
Solitary
Vulnerable
Reptile
Temperate forest
Desert
Grassland
United States