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  3. Phoorsa

One of the 12 vipers on WAnimals

Phoorsa (Echis carinatus)

Reptiles · Squamata · Viperidae

Phoorsa

Echis carinatus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

The saw-scaled viper is a species of venomous viperid snake of the Middle East and Central Asia, especially the Indian subcontinent. It is the smallest member of the four snake species responsible for causing most of the fatal snakebites within its range. This is due to several factors, including its unobtrusive nature and its frequent occurrence in heavily populated areas. Five subspecies are currently recognised.

Weight

142 g on average

Size

40 cm – 80 cm

Life expectancy

12 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

DesertGrassland
39countries24parks22same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • GeneralIt kills more people by snakebite than any other snake in the world.
  • It is thought to cause more human deaths than any other snake in the world: not through the potency of its venom, but through its abundance in densely populated farmland across Asia and Africa and its defensive nature.
  • Its warning is not a hiss: it coils its body into loops and rubs together flank scales with serrated keels, producing a harsh rasp comparable to a saw on wood.
  • It can move across loose sand with a sideways motion similar to that of the American sidewinder, a case of convergence between snakes from deserts half a world apart.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (reptile)
Habitat and environment
Arid and semi-arid country, thorn scrub and dryland crops of southern Asia and the Near East
Sexual maturity
2 years
Gestation / incubation
5 months of gestation
Litter / clutch size
10 live young

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Echis carinatus

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 24.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Phoorsa — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about phoorsa.

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
ZakoumaChad
RanthamboreIndia
GirIndia
Wadi RumJordan
Ein GediIsrael
Tassili n'Ajjer National ParkAlgeria
Sir Bani Yas Wildlife ReserveUnited Arab Emirates
Dinder National ParkSudan
Dana Biosphere ReserveJordan
Ennedi MassifChad
See all 24 parks
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CountriesIndia
ParksZakoumaChad
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Nocturnal
Solitary
Reptile
Desert
Grassland

Asia27

Africa12

India
Jordan
Pakistan
Algeria
Chad
Egypt
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Myanmar
Nepal
Oman
Pakistan
Palestine
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Sri Lanka
Syria
Türkiye
Turkmenistan
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan
Yemen
Algeria
Burkina Faso
Chad
Egypt
Libya
Mali
Mauritania
Morocco
Niger
Senegal
Sudan
Tunisia