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  3. Oman

Oman

Asia

195

Documented species

1

Parks and reserves

4

Dive sites

Oman is probably the best-preserved country on the Arabian peninsula in natural terms. The Hajar mountains, to the north, rise above three thousand metres and contain some of the best-exposed ocean-floor rocks in the world, as well as wadis with permanent pools, freshwater turtles and the Arabian tahr. In the south, Dhofar receives the khareef, the southwest monsoon, which between June and September covers its slopes in mist and turns them into green grassland and woodland of baobab and anogeissus in the middle of the desert. The coasts hold one of the greatest concentrations of green turtle nesting in the Indian Ocean, and the sandy bottoms of the Gulf of Masirah sustain seagrass meadows. The desert interior links with the Rub al-Khali, where the Arabian oryx was reintroduced.

Nature in Oman

National animal: The Arabian oryx, the country's national animal

Did you know?

In the Arabian Sea lives the only humpback whale population in the world that does not migrate. It has been genetically isolated for some seventy thousand years and, instead of travelling thousands of kilometres between cold and warm waters like the rest of the species, it stays year-round off the coast of Oman, making use of the nutrient upwelling driven by the monsoon. Fewer than a hundred individuals are thought to remain, which makes it one of the most endangered whale populations on the planet.

Biodiversity profile

Conservation

The Arabian Oryx Sanctuary was the first place in history to be removed from the World Heritage list, in 2007, after its area was cut back drastically and the oryx population collapsed. The country has maintained breeding and monitoring programmes ever since.

Where and when to watch wildlife

Ras al Jinz year-round, peaking between June and September, for green turtle nesting. Dhofar between July and September during the monsoon. The Daymaniyat islands in summer for whale sharks and reefs.

Natural phenomena in Oman

  • Green turtle nesting at Ras Al Jinz — June to October

Parks and reserves

Nature Reserve

Jebel Samhan

The world's main stronghold of the Arabian leopard, in the mountains of Omani Dhofar.

See park

Diving and snorkelling

Reef/Fjord

Bandar Khayran

A nature reserve of rocky fjords near the Omani capital, with coral reefs and frequent dolphin sightings.

See dive site
Reef/Reserve

Daymaniyat Islands

A nature reserve of nine uninhabited islets off Muscat, a turtle nesting site.

See dive site
Rocky pinnacle

Lima Rock

A remote rock pinnacle in the Musandam fjords, with one of the finest concentrations of pelagic wildlife in the region.

See dive site
Rocky reef

Musandam Peninsula

The "fjords of Arabia", steep mountains falling into the sea; nutrient-rich currents draw pelagic wildlife.

See dive site

Wildlife you can see now

What is worth looking out for this month in Oman?

Green TurtleEndangered

Green Turtle

Chelonia mydas

Now is a good time: Green turtle nesting at Ras Al Jinz (June to October)

Similar countries

Where else might I want to travel?

Jordan

Same region: Middle East and Western Asia

Yemen

Same region: Middle East and Western Asia

Israel

Same region: Middle East and Western Asia

Same region: Middle East and Western Asia

Species documented in Oman

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Class
Family
Habitat
Diet
Conservation

195 species found

Related guides

  • Fish in Oman4 species

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about Oman.

ParkJebel SamhanDivingBandar Khayran

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Saudi Arabia
Giant ClamCritically Endangered

Giant Clam

Tridacna gigas

Staghorn CoralCritically Endangered

Staghorn Coral

Acropora cervicornis

Scalloped HammerheadCritically Endangered

Scalloped Hammerhead

Sphyrna lewini

Hawksbill TurtleCritically Endangered

Hawksbill Turtle

Eretmochelys imbricata

Egyptian VultureEndangered

Egyptian Vulture

Neophron percnopterus

Blue WhaleEndangered

Blue Whale

Balaenoptera musculus

Lappet-faced VultureEndangered

Lappet-faced Vulture

Torgos tracheliotos

Spotted Eagle RayEndangered

Spotted Eagle Ray

Aetobatus narinari

Giant MantaEndangered

Giant Manta

Mobula birostris

Humphead WrasseEndangered

Humphead Wrasse

Cheilinus undulatus

Killer WhaleEndangered

Killer Whale

Orcinus orca

Sei WhaleEndangered

Sei Whale

Balaenoptera borealis

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