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  3. Giant Clam

One of the 6 clams on WAnimals

Giant Clam (Tridacna gigas)

Bivalves · Cardiida · Cardiidae

Giant Clam

Tridacna gigas

Critically Endangered

At extremely high risk of imminent extinction in the wild.

Spotted something wrong?

It is the largest living bivalve mollusc in the world. Contrary to the popular myth that it can trap a diver, it closes far too slowly to be any real danger.

Weight

up to 340 kg

Size

up to 1.4 m

Life expectancy

100 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Very hard

Ocean
58countries35parks236dive sites1same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It is the largest living bivalve mollusc in the world, with shells up to 137 cm across.
  • biologíaIt can close its shells with considerable force, though contrary to popular legend it poses no real risk of trapping a diver.
  • Contrary to the popular myth, it closes far too slowly to trap a diver.
  • It is a protandrous hermaphrodite: it matures first as a male and later develops female function.
  • biologíaIt can live for over 100 years, and hosts symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) in its tissues that supply a large share of its energy through photosynthesis.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Invertebrate - external calcareous bivalve shell
Habitat and environment
Shallow coral reef waters of the Indo-Pacific, down to 20-35 m
Birth weight
An egg ~100 micrometres across; a planktonic trochophore larva of ~160 micrometres within hours
Size at birth
160 micrometres long as a newly hatched trochophore larva
Sexual maturity
A protandrous hermaphrodite: it matures first as a male at 25-35 cm, then develops female function alongside it
Gestation / incubation
No gestation as such; the fertilised egg drifts for about 12 hours before hatching as a larva
Litter / clutch size
Over 500 million eggs released in a single spawning event

Sources consulted: A-Z Animals; JungleDragon; SeaLifeBase; NOAA Fisheries; Animalia.bio; Red Sea Creatures; Animal Diversity Web; Wikipedia (Giant clam)

Where to find it

Best time: All year round on shallow Indo-Pacific reefs, by day, when it opens its mantle to expose its symbiotic algae to the sun.

Loading map…

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 20 of 271.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Giant Clam — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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How to help

The giant clam is classified as critically endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 13 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Related guides

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about giant clam.

Comments

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See full glossary
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The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
KomodoIndonesia
AldabraSeychelles
YakushimaJapan
Ras MohammedEgypt
Great Barrier ReefAustralia
NingalooAustralia
Rock Islands of PalauPalau
East RennellSolomon Islands
FakaravaFrench Polynesia
Mohéli Marine National ParkComoros
Blue Hole DahabEgypt
Ras Mohammed National ParkEgypt
Thistlegorm wreckEgypt
Elphinstone ReefEgypt
Brothers Islands (El Akhawein)Egypt
Sha'ab Rumi (Cousteau)Sudan
Eilat Coral ReserveIsrael
Aqaba Marine ParkJordan
Musandam PeninsulaOman
Daymaniyat IslandsOman
See all 35 parks
See all 236 dive sites
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Whale SharkEndangered

Whale Shark

Rhincodon typus

DugongVulnerable

Dugong

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Humpback WhaleLeast Concern

Humpback Whale

Megaptera novaeangliae

Leatherback Sea TurtleVulnerable

Leatherback Sea Turtle

Dermochelys coriacea

GrayfishVulnerable

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Alopias vulpinus

Where to dive with Giant Clam32 places
CountriesIndonesia
ParksKomodoIndonesia
TagsOmnivore
Omnivore
Variable activity
Solitary
Critically Endangered
Vulnerable
Ocean
Mollusc

Asia24

Oceania20

Africa14

Indonesia
Egypt
Philippines
Australia
Thailand
Fiji
Bangladesh
Brunei
Cambodia
China
India
Indonesia
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Malaysia
Maldives
Myanmar
Oman
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Taiwan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
United Arab Emirates
Vietnam
Yemen
American Samoa
Australia
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Micronesia
Nauru
New Caledonia
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Comoros
Djibouti
Egypt
Eritrea
Kenya
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Réunion
Seychelles
Somalia
South Africa
Sudan
Tanzania