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  3. Socotra Cormorant

One of the 13 cormorants on WAnimals

Socotra Cormorant (Phalacrocorax nigrogularis)

Birds · Suliformes · Phalacrocoracidae

Socotra Cormorant

Phalacrocorax nigrogularis

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

The Socotra cormorant is a black cormorant with greenish sheens, endemic to the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. Despite its name it barely breeds on the island of Socotra: its main colonies are on islands in the Emirates, Bahrain and Oman. It forms feeding flocks of tens of thousands of birds, among the largest concentrations of seabirds on the planet.

Weight

800 g – 1.1 kg

Size

68 cm – 80 cm

Life expectancy

15 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

DesertOceanIslands
11countries3parks12same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • Its feeding flocks are among the largest concentrations of seabirds in the world: columns of tens of thousands of birds advancing over the sea on fronts several kilometres wide in pursuit of fish shoals.
  • Despite being named after Socotra, almost its entire population breeds on islands in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and its presence on the island it is named for is marginal.
  • Urban and port development around the Gulf has destroyed several of its historic colonies, and its population has fallen markedly over recent decades.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
The waters of the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea; it breeds on coastal islands
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
28 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
3 eggs

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Phalacrocorax nigrogularis

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Socotra Cormorant — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
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How to help

The socotra cormorant is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 1 protected area — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about socotra cormorant.

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See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
SocotraYemen
Sir Bani Yas Wildlife ReserveUnited Arab Emirates
Jebel SamhanOman
Vulnerable

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Least Concern

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Onychognathus frater

Vulnerable

Flightless Cormorant

Nannopterum harrisi

Pygmy CormorantLeast Concern

Pygmy Cormorant

Microcarbo pygmaeus

DugongVulnerable

Dugong

Dugong dugon

CheetahVulnerable

Cheetah

Acinonyx jubatus

CountriesOman
ParksSocotraYemen
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Vulnerable
Bird
Desert
Ocean
Islands

Asia9

Africa2

Oman
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Bahrain
Djibouti
Eritrea
Bahrain
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Djibouti
Eritrea