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  3. Tooth-billed Pigeon

One of the 10 pigeons on WAnimals

Tooth-billed Pigeon (Didunculus strigirostris)

Birds · Columbiformes · Columbidae

Tooth-billed Pigeon

Didunculus strigirostris

Critically Endangered

At extremely high risk of imminent extinction in the wild.

Spotted something wrong?

The tooth-billed pigeon, or manumea, is a species of bird of the family Columbidae endemic to the islands of Savai'i and Upolu (Samoa), and the only representative of the genus Didunculus. Native solely to the primary rainforest of Samoa, it is considered critically endangered by the IUCN, with only a few hundred individuals thought to remain in existence. It is the national bird of this island.

Weight

350 g – 400 g

Size

31 cm – 38 cm

Life expectancy

15 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Estimated population

Fewer than 100 mature individuals

RainforestMountainIslands
1countries2parks11same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It is known as the little dodo for its hooked, toothed bill, so unlike that of any other pigeon, although genetically it is not the dodo's closest relative: that place belongs to the Nicobar pigeon.
  • It is the national bird of Samoa and appears on the country's banknotes, and even so barely a handful of living individuals have been documented over the last two decades.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Primary upland rainforest of the islands of Upolu and Savai'i, in Samoa
Sexual maturity
2 years
Gestation / incubation
28 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
1 egg

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Didunculus strigirostris

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Tooth-billed Pigeon — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

How to help

The tooth-billed pigeon is classified as critically endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 1 protected area — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about tooth-billed pigeon.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
See its range on the interactive map→
O Le Pupu-PueSamoa
Tafua Forest ReserveSamoa
Near Threatened

Laurel Pigeon

Columba junoniae

Near Threatened

Bolle's Pigeon

Columba bollii

Near Threatened

Nicobar Pigeon

Caloenas nicobarica

Least Concern

Comoro Blue-Pigeon

Alectroenas sganzini

Near Threatened

Victoria Crowned-Pigeon

Goura victoria

Extinct

Dodo

Raphus cucullatus

CountriesSamoa
ParksO Le Pupu-PueSamoa
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
In pairs
Critically Endangered
Bird
Rainforest
Mountain
Islands
Samoa