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  1. Home
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  3. Gemsbok

One of the 4 oryxes on WAnimals

Gemsbok (Oryx gazella)

Mammals · Artiodactyla · Bovidae

Gemsbok

Oryx gazella

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

It has a specialised network of blood vessels in its nose that cools the blood before it reaches the brain, letting it tolerate internal body temperatures of up to 45 °C.

Weight

200 kg – 250 kg

Size

up to 1.4 m

Life expectancy

19 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Herd

Lives in large groups as a strategy against predators.

SavannaDesert
10countries12parks86same family2featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It can tolerate internal body temperatures of up to 45 °C without brain damage.
  • It can outrun a horse or a pack of hunting dogs.
  • It gets most of its water from plants such as the tsamma melon.
  • fisiologíaIt can go several days without drinking, taking the moisture it needs from the plants it eats and tolerating internal body temperatures higher than most mammals could bear.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Dry grassland, arid steppe, light woodland and desert country of south-western Africa, including the Kalahari
Birth weight
9-15 kg at birth, hidden in vegetation for 3-6 weeks
Size at birth
9-15 kg at birth
Sexual maturity
~2 years
Gestation / incubation
270-300 days (~9 months)
Litter / clutch size
1 young per birth
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 23.8 years

Sources consulted: Inverdoorn (Western Cape Safari Guide) · Brightszoo · Animal Diversity Web · AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · Britannica · PMC (genome assembly gemsbok study)

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 12.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Gemsbok — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about gemsbok.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the gemsbok.
See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
KgalagadiSouth Africa
EtoshaNamibia
Namib-NaukluftNamibia
White SandsUnited States
Fish River CanyonNamibia
Skeleton CoastNamibia
Makgadikgadi PansBotswana
Central Kalahari Game ReserveBotswana
KarooSouth Africa
Augrabies FallsSouth Africa
See all 12 parks
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Common Wildebeest

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CountriesNamibia
ParksKgalagadiSouth Africa
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Variable activity
In herds
Savannah
Desert
Mammal
Namibia
South Africa
Botswana
Angola
Eswatini
Lesotho
Angola
Botswana
Eswatini
Lesotho
Malawi
Mozambique
Namibia
South Africa
Zambia
Zimbabwe