Skip to content
WAnimals
  • Map
  • Species
  • Parks
  • Diving
Log inCreate account
WAnimals

The guide for travellers and animal lovers: discover, plan and share your wild adventures around the world.

Discover wildlife

  • Species
  • Ecosystems
  • Glossary
  • Tags

Explore places

  • Map
  • Countries
  • Parks
  • Diving

Plan experiences

  • Guides

Learn

  • Blog

Resources

  • Help centre
  • Contact
  • Install the app

Follow us

Account

  • Log in
  • Create account

© 2026 WAnimals. All rights reserved.

About usHow we build our profilesTerms of servicePrivacyLegal notice
MapSpeciesParksDiving
  1. Home
  2. Species
  3. Horse Mackerel

One of the 2 jacks on WAnimals

Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)

Bony fish · Perciformes · Carangidae

Horse Mackerel

Trachurus trachurus

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

Despite its fairly modest size, it is one of the longest-lived fish known for its size class, reaching up to 40 years according to otolith studies.

Weight

1.5 kg – 2 kg

Size

22 cm – 70 cm

Life expectancy

25 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

School

Gathers in coordinated schools, typical of fish.

Sighting difficulty

Moderate

Ocean
44countries47parks103dive sites4same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It can live up to 40 years, exceptionally long for its size.
  • Its scientific name comes from the Greek for "rough" and "tail", after the line of bony scutes along its side.
  • It eats small crustaceans and fish, including trumpetfish.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (fish)
Habitat and environment
Coastal and continental-shelf waters of the eastern Atlantic, from Norway to South Africa, including the Mediterranean and the Black Sea
Birth weight
Pelagic egg; larva roughly 5 mm on hatching
Size at birth
A pelagic larva some 5 mm long on hatching
Sexual maturity
2-4 years (16-25 cm long, most often around 21 cm)
Gestation / incubation
The egg develops over a few days (no precise figure found)
Litter / clutch size
Up to 140,000 eggs per female in 5-7 batches a season

Sources consulted: Wageningen University Research; American Oceans; FishBase; Grokipedia; ResearchGate (blue jack mackerel comparativo); A-Z Animals

Where to find it

Loading map…

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 20 of 150.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Horse Mackerel — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

How to help

The horse mackerel is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 17 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Related guides

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about horse mackerel.

Comments

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the horse mackerel.

Be the first to comment.

See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
CalanquesFrance
Cinque TerreItaly
Alonissos and the Northern SporadesGreece
Banc d'ArguinMauritania
Wadden Sea National ParkDenmark
Majjistral ParkMalta
Wadden SeaGermany
Port-CrosFrance
Pembrokeshire CoastUnited Kingdom
NorthumberlandUnited Kingdom
Stingray CityCayman Islands
USS Spiegel GroveUnited States
Scapa FlowUnited Kingdom
Zenobia WreckCyprus
Medes IslandsSpain
Cap de CreusSpain
El Hierro / La RestingaSpain
Museo Atlántico (Lanzarote)Spain
Zakynthos (loggerhead turtle)Greece
Kastellorizo (Blue Cave)Greece
See all 47 parks
See all 103 dive sites
Least Concern

Greater Amberjack

Seriola dumerili

Crevalle JackLeast Concern

Crevalle Jack

Caranx hippos

Great White SharkVulnerable

Great White Shark

Carcharodon carcharias

Vulnerable

Porbeagle

Lamna nasus

GrayfishVulnerable

Grayfish

Alopias vulpinus

SpurdogVulnerable

Spurdog

Squalus acanthias

Where to dive with Horse Mackerel19 places
CountriesItaly
ParksCalanquesFrance
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
In schools
Vulnerable
Fish
Ocean

Europe31

Africa7

Asia6

Italy
Spain
Greece
United Kingdom
Croatia
Portugal
Albania
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Mauritania
Morocco
Senegal
Tunisia
Georgia
Israel
Lebanon
Russia
Syria
Türkiye