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  3. Osprey

One of the 23 eagles on WAnimals

Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)

Birds · Accipitriformes · Pandionidae

Osprey

Pandion haliaetus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

It is one of the few birds of prey with an almost cosmopolitan distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica.

Weight

900 g – 2.1 kg

Size

50 cm – 66 cm

Life expectancy

25 years

Diet

Piscivore

Feeds mainly on fish.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

OceanFreshwater
97countries24parks1dive sites4featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It feeds almost exclusively on live fish, caught by plunging feet-first into the water.
  • It has reversible outer toes and spiny scales on the soles of its feet, adaptations unique among birds of prey.
  • It recovered after being severely affected by DDT in the mid-twentieth century.
  • anatomíaIt has a reversible outer toe that lets it grip slippery fish from any angle in flight.
  • distribuciónIt is one of the few birds of prey with an almost worldwide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica.
  • anatomíaIt has rough scales on the soles of its feet and curved talons specially adapted to grip slippery fish firmly in flight.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - pneumatised bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Coastal areas, lakes, rivers and reservoirs across almost the entire world except Antarctica
Birth weight
~50 grams at hatching
Size at birth
Covered in down and completely dependent at hatching
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
35-43 days
Litter / clutch size
2 to 4 eggs per clutch (most commonly 3)

Sources consulted: AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency · Bilderreich · The Animal Facts · USDA Forest Service FEIS · A-Z Animals · Animal Diversity Web · BioKIDS

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 11 of 25.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Osprey — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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Related guides

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about osprey.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Yellowstone National ParkUnited States
Doñana National ParkSpain
CairngormsUnited Kingdom
Vjosa (Vjosa Valley)Albania
EvergladesUnited States
El VizcainoMexico
Sumidero CanyonMexico
IchkeulTunisia
K'gari (Fraser Island)Australia
Nitmiluk (Katherine Gorge)Australia
Scandola Reserve (Corsica)France
See all 24 parks
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GiltheadLeast Concern

Gilthead

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Striped Red Mullet

Mullus surmuletus

Man-of-war FishLeast Concern

Man-of-war Fish

Nomeus gronovii

European EelCritically Endangered

European Eel

Anguilla anguilla

Moray EelLeast Concern

Moray Eel

Muraena helena

Where to see Osprey25 places
CountriesAustralia
ParksYellowstone National ParkUnited States
TagsPiscivore
Piscivore
Diurnal
Solitary
Bird
Ocean
Freshwater

Europe40

North America34

Asia15

Africa5

South America2

Oceania1

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