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  3. Royal Penguin

One of the 15 penguins on WAnimals

Birds · Sphenisciformes · Spheniscidae

Royal Penguin

Eudyptes schlegeli

Near Threatened

It could become threatened in the near future if current threats go unchecked.

Spotted something wrong?

The royal penguin breeds only on Macquarie Island and a few adjacent islets, in the Southern Ocean. It is told apart from the very similar macaroni penguin by its white or pale grey face rather than a black one. Its colonies are enormous and noisy, and are set up on the island's beaches and slopes. Between 1870 and 1919 it was exploited industrially for the oil rendered from its body, to the point that the species came close to disappearing.

Weight

3 kg – 8 kg

Size

65 cm – 76 cm

Life expectancy

20 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

Sighting difficulty

Moderate

Estimated population

Some 850,000 breeding pairs

OceanPolarIslands
1countries2parks14same family

Fun facts

  • The entire species breeds on a single subantarctic island of 128 square kilometres: Macquarie Island, halfway between Tasmania and Antarctica.
  • Between 1870 and 1919 hundreds of thousands of birds were boiled down in vats set up on the island itself to render oil: the public outcry against that industry was one of Australia's first conservation movements.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Beaches and slopes of Macquarie Island, in the Southern Ocean, and the surrounding subantarctic waters
Sexual maturity
5 years
Gestation / incubation
35 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
2 eggs

Sources consulted: https://www.iucnredlist.org/ | https://animaldiversity.org/ | https://es.wikipedia.org/

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Royal Penguin — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park

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Based on what we already know about royal penguin.

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See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
Macquarie IslandAustralia
Heard and McDonald IslandsAustralia
Macaroni PenguinVulnerable

Macaroni Penguin

Eudyptes chrysolophus

King PenguinLeast Concern

King Penguin

Aptenodytes patagonicus

Southern Rockhopper PenguinVulnerable

Southern Rockhopper Penguin

Eudyptes chrysocome

Gentoo PenguinLeast Concern

Gentoo Penguin

Pygoscelis papua

Least Concern

Little Penguin

Eudyptula minor

Wandering AlbatrossVulnerable

Wandering Albatross

Diomedea exulans

CountriesAustralia
ParksMacquarie IslandAustralia
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Near Threatened
Bird
Ocean
Polar
Islands
Australia