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  3. Barbel

One of the 2 barbs on WAnimals

Bony fish · Cypriniformes · Cyprinidae

Barbel

Barbus barbus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

Its eggs are toxic to mammals, humans included, an unusual defence among European cyprinids.

Weight

1 kg – 3 kg

Size

50 cm – 1 m

Life expectancy

20 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

School

Gathers in coordinated schools, typical of fish.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Freshwater
46countries67parks10same family

Fun facts

  • As many as 130 males may take part in a single spawning over gravel scrapes.
  • It eats invertebrates such as crustaceans, insect larvae and molluscs, and occasionally small fish.
  • It lives in fast, deep river stretches with gravel or stone beds across northern Europe.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (fish)
Habitat and environment
Fast, deep river stretches with gravel or stone beds (the "barbel zone") of northern Europe, from Great Britain to Lithuania and the Danube basin
Birth weight
Tiny larva at hatching
Size at birth
Tiny larva at hatching
Sexual maturity
3-4 years
Gestation / incubation
The eggs hatch 10-15 days after spawning
Litter / clutch size
Hundreds to thousands of non-adhesive eggs laid in 2-3 batches in gravel scrapes; as many as 130 males may take part in a single spawning

Sources consulted: Animalia.bio; Wikipedia; FishBase; ResearchGate; Journals.tubitak.gov.tr

Where to find it

Best time: From May to July, during spawning, when it runs upriver and gathers in fast stretches over gravel.

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 67.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Barbel — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about barbel.

Comments

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
CévennesFrance
RetezatRomania
BiałowieżaPoland
Danube DeltaRomania
Peak DistrictUnited Kingdom
Bavarian Forest (Bayerischer Wald)Germany
Šumava (Bohemian Forest)Czechia
High Veluwe (Hoge Veluwe)Netherlands
Donau-AuenAustria
Neusiedler See-SeewinkelAustria
See all 67 parks
TenchLeast Concern

Tench

Tinca tinca

Least Concern

Dace

Leuciscus leuciscus

Common CarpLeast Concern

Common Carp

Cyprinus carpio

WelsLeast Concern

Wels

Silurus glanis

PerchLeast Concern

Perch

Perca fluviatilis

Least Concern

Zander

Sander lucioperca

CountriesPoland
ParksCévennesFrance
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Nocturnal
In schools
Fish
Freshwater

Europe40

Asia6

Poland
Romania
Germany
Netherlands
Austria
Czechia
Albania
Andorra
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kosovo
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Moldova
Montenegro
Netherlands
North Macedonia
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Iraq
Russia
Türkiye