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  3. Martial Eagle

One of the 23 eagles on WAnimals

Martial Eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus)

Birds · Accipitriformes · Accipitridae

Martial Eagle

Polemaetus bellicosus

Endangered

At very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Spotted something wrong?

The martial eagle is an accipitriform bird of the family Accipitridae. It is the largest African eagle and the only member of the genus Polemaetus. Distributed across the savannahs of the centre and south-east of the continent, it has a wingspan of between 188 and 227 cm. It is therefore able to take prey the size of a jackal or a small antelope, though it more usually catches animals such as guineafowl, francolins and small mammals. No subspecies are recognised.

Weight

3 kg – 6.2 kg

Size

78 cm – 96 cm

Life expectancy

35 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Sighting difficulty

Hard

SavannaDesertGrassland
43countries6parks43same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • GeneralThe most powerful eagle in Africa: it can bring down small antelopes and spot prey 5 km away.
  • It detects prey several kilometres away from heights at which it is invisible from the ground: its visual acuity is among the sharpest known in any animal.
  • It raises one chick every two years and needs a territory that can exceed a thousand square kilometres, which makes it one of the lowest-density raptors in the world.
  • It is blamed for killing goats and lambs, and that persecution is now the leading cause of adult mortality: in South Africa it has disappeared from most of the country outside the reserves.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Open savannah, semi-desert and sparse woodland of sub-Saharan Africa
Sexual maturity
6 years
Gestation / incubation
49 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
1 egg

Sources consulted: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polemaetus_bellicosus

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Martial Eagle — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park

How to help

The martial eagle is classified as endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 6 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Related guides

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about martial eagle.

Comments

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Kruger National ParkSouth Africa
KgalagadiSouth Africa
MapungubweSouth Africa
Central Kalahari Game ReserveBotswana
Chyulu HillsKenya
GonarezhouZimbabwe
Lappet-faced VultureEndangered

Lappet-faced Vulture

Torgos tracheliotos

Near Threatened

Crowned Eagle

Stephanoaetus coronatus

Cape VultureVulnerable

Cape Vulture

Gyps coprotheres

White-backed VultureCritically Endangered

White-backed Vulture

Gyps africanus

Egyptian VultureEndangered

Egyptian Vulture

Neophron percnopterus

African Wild DogEndangered

African Wild Dog

Lycaon pictus

Where to see Martial Eagle6 places
CountriesSouth Africa
ParksKruger National ParkSouth Africa
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
In pairs
Endangered
Bird
Savanna
Desert
Grassland
South Africa
Botswana
Kenya
Zimbabwe
Angola
Benin
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe