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  3. Sandwich Tern

One of the 6 terns on WAnimals

Birds · Charadriiformes · Laridae

Sandwich Tern

Thalasseus sandvicensis

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

The Sandwich tern is a medium-sized tern with a black bill tipped in yellow, as though it had been dipped in mustard, and a ragged black crest on the nape while breeding. It forms dense colonies on islets, saltpans and deltas, and fishes by plunging from several metres up. In Spain it breeds in the Ebro Delta and in southern saltpans, and is abundant on passage and in winter all along the coast.

Weight

180 g – 300 g

Size

37 cm – 43 cm

Life expectancy

30 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

OceanFreshwater
56countries30parks19same family

Fun facts

  • GeneralIts black bill with its yellow tip looks as though it has been dipped in mustard.
  • The yellow tip of its black bill is its diagnostic feature and the quickest way to separate it from the other European terns in the field.
  • Its colonies often settle inside or next to black-headed gull colonies, using the gulls' aggression towards predators as a collective shield.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Coasts, salt pans, deltas and estuaries of Europe, Africa and western Asia
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
22 days
Litter / clutch size
1

Sources consulted: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalasseus_sandvicensis

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 30.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Sandwich Tern — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about sandwich tern.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Doñana National ParkSpain
Danube DeltaRomania
IchkeulTunisia
Banc d'ArguinMauritania
Wadden Sea National ParkDenmark
Wadden SeaGermany
Pembrokeshire CoastUnited Kingdom
NorthumberlandUnited Kingdom
Curonian SpitLithuania
CamargueFrance
See all 30 parks
Least Concern

Great Black-backed Gull

Larus marinus

Least Concern

Black-headed Gull

Chroicocephalus ridibundus

Herring GullLeast Concern

Herring Gull

Larus argentatus

Least Concern

Black Tern

Chlidonias niger

Royal TernLeast Concern

Royal Tern

Thalasseus maximus

Little TernLeast Concern

Little Tern

Sternula albifrons

CountriesGermany
ParksDoñana National ParkSpain
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Bird
Ocean
Freshwater

Europe29

Asia16

Africa11

Germany
United Kingdom
Denmark
Estonia
Mauritania
Netherlands
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Bahrain
Georgia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Palestine
Qatar
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Türkiye
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Algeria
Djibouti
Egypt
Eritrea
Libya
Mauritania
Morocco
Namibia
Senegal
South Africa
Tunisia