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  3. Black-headed Gull

One of the 9 gulls on WAnimals

Birds · Charadriiformes · Laridae

Black-headed Gull

Chroicocephalus ridibundus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

The black-headed gull is the commonest small gull in Europe, recognisable in summer by its chocolate-brown hood and in winter by a simple dark smudge behind the eye. It breeds in colonies in freshwater and brackish wetlands, and outside the breeding season it spreads out across coasts, farmland, reservoirs and cities. It is extraordinarily adaptable and follows tractors during fieldwork to snap up the invertebrates turned out of the soil.

Weight

267 g – 294 g

Size

34 cm – 44 cm

Life expectancy

32 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

OceanFreshwaterGrassland
63countries53parks19same family

Fun facts

  • comunicaciónFor all its name, its call is not a laugh at all but a shrill, repeated shriek used mostly in alarm or in territorial disputes.
  • Its hood is not black but chocolate brown, and does not cover the whole head but only reaches the nape: in winter it loses it and only a dark smudge behind the eye remains.
  • It was one of the key species in Niko Tinbergen's classic studies of animal behaviour, which won him the Nobel Prize: its colonies served to describe how social signals and responses to predators work.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Marshes, lagoons, deltas, reservoirs, harbours and farmland of Eurasia
Sexual maturity
2 years
Gestation / incubation
22 days
Litter / clutch size
3

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Chroicocephalus ridibundus

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 53.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Black-headed Gull — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about black-headed gull.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the black-headed gull.
See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Doñana National ParkSpain
Danube DeltaRomania
LahemaaEstonia
Hoge Kempen National ParkBelgium
Wadden Sea National ParkDenmark
Hortobágy National ParkHungary
Aukštaitija National ParkLithuania
Wadden SeaGermany
NorthumberlandUnited Kingdom
High Veluwe (Hoge Veluwe)Netherlands
See all 53 parks
Least Concern

Great Black-backed Gull

Larus marinus

Least Concern

Sandwich Tern

Thalasseus sandvicensis

Herring GullLeast Concern

Herring Gull

Larus argentatus

Least Concern

Black Tern

Chlidonias niger

Little TernLeast Concern

Little Tern

Sternula albifrons

Whiskered TernLeast Concern

Whiskered Tern

Chlidonias hybrida

CountriesNetherlands
ParksDoñana National ParkSpain
TagsOmnivore
Omnivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Bird
Ocean
Freshwater
Grassland

Europe41

Asia16

Africa4

North America2

Netherlands
Germany
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Poland
Albania
Andorra
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Kosovo
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Moldova
Montenegro
Netherlands
North Macedonia
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Armenia
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China
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Canada
United States