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  1. Home
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  3. Smalltooth Sawfish

Cartilaginous fish · Rhinopristiformes · Pristidae

Smalltooth Sawfish

Pristis pectinata

Critically Endangered

At extremely high risk of imminent extinction in the wild.

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Its striking toothed rostrum, which can make up as much as a quarter of its total body length, serves at once as a hunting weapon and a sensory organ.

Weight

200 kg – 350 kg

Size

4 m – 5.5 m

Life expectancy

27 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Ocean
6countries6parks1dive sites

Fun facts

  • Its toothed rostrum can make up as much as a quarter of its body length.
  • It uses its rostrum to detect the electric fields of fish hidden on the bottom.
  • Its population in the United States is now confined almost entirely to south-western Florida.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - cartilaginous skeleton (chondrichthyan fish)
Habitat and environment
Shallow coastal waters, estuaries and subtropical mangroves of the western Atlantic, able to tolerate fresh water
Birth weight
64 - 90 cm long at birth
Size at birth
64 - 90 cm long at birth
Sexual maturity
Male: 7-11 years (~340 cm) | Female: 7-11 years (~370 cm)
Gestation / incubation
No precise figure for its length (an ovoviviparous species)
Litter / clutch size
7 to 14 young per litter

Sources consulted: ResearchGate (USA biology ecology status study) · NOAA Repository (Florida waters age growth study) · Animal Diversity Web · PMC (LA-ICP-MS vertebrae age study) · FWC Florida · Canvas of the Wild · FishBase

Where to find it

Best time: All year round in southern Florida and the Bahamas, the only places where a stable population remains, in mangroves and shallow estuaries.

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The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Smalltooth Sawfish — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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How to help

The smalltooth sawfish is classified as critically endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 6 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about smalltooth sawfish.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the smalltooth sawfish.
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Physalia physalis

CountriesUnited States
ParksEvergladesUnited States
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Variable activity
Solitary
Critically Endangered
Fish
Ocean
United States
Belize
Bahamas
Mexico
Cuba
Puerto Rico