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  1. Home
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  3. Sun Bear

One of the 8 bears on WAnimals

Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus)

Mammals · Carnivora · Ursidae

Sun Bear

Helarctos malayanus

Vulnerable

At high risk of extinction in the wild over the medium term.

Spotted something wrong?

It is the smallest and most arboreal bear in the world, with a tongue up to 46 cm long, specialised for extracting honey and insects from trunks and hives.

Weight

27 kg – 65 kg

Size

1.2 m – 1.5 m

Life expectancy

20 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Rainforest
15countries15parks8same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • The U-shaped patch on its chest, unique to each animal, is what gives it its English name, sun bear.
  • It eats insects — especially termites and ants — along with honey, fruit and small vertebrates.
  • It lives in dense lowland tropical forest in South-East Asia.
  • anatomíaIt is the smallest bear in the world and has the longest tongue of any bear for its size, suited to drawing honey and insects out of trunks and hives.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Dense lowland tropical forest of South-East Asia
Birth weight
~300-325 grams
Size at birth
Blind, hairless and wholly helpless at birth
Sexual maturity
2-4 years (some sources give as much as 3-5 years)
Gestation / incubation
95-240 days, with evidence of delayed implantation stretching the process considerably in some cases
Litter / clutch size
1 to 2 young per litter (rarely 3)
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 31-35.9 years in captivity

Sources consulted: AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · Mammalian Species (Helarctos malayanus monograph) · Animal Diversity Web · Animalia.bio · PBS Nature · Storm Crow Survival · The Animal Facts · IABRM

Where to find it

Loading map…

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 15.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Sun Bear — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

How to help

The sun bear is classified as vulnerable. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 8 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about sun bear.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the sun bear.
See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
Gunung LeuserIndonesia
Way KambasIndonesia
Khao YaiThailand
Phong Nha-Ke BangVietnam
BokorCambodia
Nam Et-Phou Louey National Protected AreaLaos
Hukaung Valley Wildlife SanctuaryMyanmar
Khao Sok National ParkThailand
NamdaphaIndia
Taman NegaraMalaysia
See all 15 parks
Asiatic Black BearVulnerable

Asiatic Black Bear

Ursus thibetanus

Sloth BearVulnerable

Sloth Bear

Melursus ursinus

Vulnerable

Western Tarsier

Tarsius bancanus

LeopardVulnerable

Leopard

Panthera pardus

Clouded LeopardVulnerable

Clouded Leopard

Neofelis nebulosa

BinturongVulnerable

Binturong

Arctictis binturong

CountriesIndonesia
ParksGunung LeuserIndonesia
TagsOmnivore
Omnivore
Nocturnal
Solitary
Vulnerable
Rainforest
Mammal
Indonesia
Thailand
Vietnam
Cambodia
China
India
Bangladesh
Brunei
Cambodia
China
India
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Taiwan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Vietnam