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  3. Sunda Gharial
Sunda Gharial (Tomistoma schlegelii)

Reptiles · Crocodilia · Gavialidae

Sunda Gharial

Tomistoma schlegelii

Endangered

At very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

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It lays the largest eggs of any living crocodilian, around 10 cm long, incubated in mounds of rotting vegetation whose natural heat holds the temperature steady.

Weight

90 kg – 210 kg

Size

4 m – 6 m

Life expectancy

50 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

RainforestFreshwater
13countries10parks1same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It lays the largest eggs of any living crocodilian, around 10 cm long.
  • Genetic studies suggest it is more closely related to the gharials than to the true crocodiles.
  • It feeds mainly on fish, supplemented with macaques, deer and birds.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton with osteoderms (crocodilian reptile)
Habitat and environment
Rivers, lakes and peat swamps of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo
Birth weight
Exact weight at hatching not found as a precise figure
Size at birth
Precocial at hatching
Sexual maturity
20 years (both sexes, from 2.5-3 m long in females)
Gestation / incubation
90-102 days
Litter / clutch size
20 to 60 eggs per clutch — the largest of any crocodilian, at ~10 cm long
Life expectancy in captivity
A documented record of up to 24.7 years in captivity (though other sources suggest a potential of 60-80)

Sources consulted: Dimensions.com · AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · Animal Diversity Web · Tierpark Berlin · LA Zoo · The Animal Facts · Wikipedia (False gharial) · World Species

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Sunda Gharial — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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Same taxonomic family
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How to help

The sunda gharial is classified as endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 9 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about sunda gharial.

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See full glossary
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CountriesIndonesia
ParksGunung LeuserIndonesia
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Nocturnal
Solitary
Endangered
Reptile
Rainforest
Freshwater
Indonesia
Malaysia
Brunei
Cambodia
China
Laos
Brunei
Cambodia
China
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Taiwan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Vietnam