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  3. Coal Tit

One of the 3 tits on WAnimals

Coal Tit (Periparus ater)

Birds · Passeriformes · Paridae

Coal Tit

Periparus ater

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

The smallest of the Iberian tits, with a glossy black head and white cheeks and, as a diagnostic feature, a broad white patch on the nape that no other tit has. A blue-grey back, a buff belly and two pale wing bars. When alarmed it raises a small crest.

Weight

8 g – 10 g

Size

10 cm – 11.5 cm

Life expectancy

3 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Estimated population

A peninsular population of 4 to 5 million pairs is estimated

Temperate forest
46countries223parks5same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • GeneralThe smallest tit in Europe; in autumns with a good seed crop it hides thousands of seeds.
  • It lays in stores: it hides pine nuts and seeds in concealed places to see it through lean spells such as snowfalls.
  • It has a liking for pine processionary caterpillars and gathers at their tents to take them.
  • It appears at appreciable densities even in eucalyptus plantations, not because of the eucalyptus but because almost all such plantations keep isolated pines or stands of pine.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Pine and fir woods and mixed conifer forest
Size at birth
The chicks hatch blind and helpless
Gestation / incubation
14-16 days, by the female alone, fed by the male
Litter / clutch size
5-12 white eggs with red blotches, with extreme clutches of up to 14; it usually has two clutches a season

Sources consulted: SEO/BirdLife (ficha y III Atlas de las aves en época de reproducción en España); IUCN Red List; Asturnatura; Polo 2016, Enciclopedia Virtual de los Vertebrados Españoles (MNCN-CSIC); Tellería y Santos 1994; Hagemeijer y Blair 1997, EBCC Atlas

Where to find it

Best time: All year round; in autumn and winter it joins mixed tit flocks that move through the wood

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 223.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Coal Tit — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about coal tit.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
SarekSweden
PadjelantaSweden
JotunheimenNorway
HardangerviddaNorway
Pallas-YllastunturiFinland
Urho KekkonenFinland
Lake DistrictUnited Kingdom
CairngormsUnited Kingdom
Snowdonia (Eryri)United Kingdom
KillarneyIreland
See all 223 parks
Least Concern

European Crested Tit

Lophophanes cristatus

Great TitLeast Concern

Great Tit

Parus major

Least Concern

Eurasian Blue Tit

Cyanistes caeruleus

African Blue TitLeast Concern

African Blue Tit

Cyanistes teneriffae

Least Concern

Eurasian Collared Dove

Streptopelia decaocto

Red KiteLeast Concern

Red Kite

Milvus milvus

CountriesPoland
ParksSarekSweden
TagsOmnivore
Omnivore
Diurnal
In pairs
Bird
Temperate forest

Europe40

Asia6

Poland
Spain
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Norway
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Netherlands
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