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  3. Northern Bald Ibis

One of the 3 ibises on WAnimals

Northern Bald Ibis (Geronticus eremita)

Birds · Pelecaniformes · Threskiornithidae

Northern Bald Ibis

Geronticus eremita

Endangered

At very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Spotted something wrong?

The northern bald ibis is a pelecaniform bird of the family Threskiornithidae native to Europe, the Near East and Africa. It is in danger of extinction and survives in the wild only in Morocco. It died out in Europe at the beginning of the early modern period, and later disappeared from Turkey as well, where it persisted until the late 20th century and from where it migrated to points in East Africa. There are conservation programmes in captivity and semi-captivity, and it has been reintroduced in southern Spain and Austria.

Weight

1 kg – 1.3 kg

Size

70 cm – 80 cm

Life expectancy

30 years

Diet

Insectivore

Feeds mainly on insects and other invertebrates.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

Estimated population

Around 700 wild individuals, most of them in Morocco

DesertMountainGrassland
8countries4parks8same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • GeneralAlmost extinct in the 20th century; La Janda, in Cádiz, holds one of the most successful reintroduced colonies.
  • It appears in the hieroglyphs of Ancient Egypt: it was the symbol of the akh, the radiant spirit of the dead, one of the first animals in history to have a hieroglyph of its own.
  • It died out in central Europe in the 17th century, and one of the causes was culinary: the chicks were considered a delicacy and their collection was regulated by a decree of the Archbishop of Salzburg as early as 1504.
  • In Andalusia a reintroduction project running since 2004 has established a wild breeding colony in Cádiz, the first in western Europe in four centuries.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Coastal and inland cliffs surrounded by steppe and dry farmland
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
28 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
3 eggs

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Geronticus eremita

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Northern Bald Ibis — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park
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Shares a park

How to help

The northern bald ibis is classified as endangered. Organisations such as the IUCN, WWF and the Wildlife Conservation Society work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

It's documented in 3 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about northern bald ibis.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the northern bald ibis.
See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
See its range on the interactive map→
Al-Talila Nature ReserveSyria
Al HoceimaMorocco
Souss-MassaMorocco
TalassemtaneMorocco
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CountriesMorocco
ParksAl-Talila Nature ReserveSyria
TagsInsectivore
Insectivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Endangered
Bird
Desert
Mountain
Grassland
Morocco
Syria
Austria
Germany
Iraq
Italy
Spain
Türkiye