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  3. Stoat
Stoat (Mustela erminea)

Mammals · Carnivora · Mustelidae

Stoat

Mustela erminea

Not Evaluated

It has not yet been assessed against the IUCN criteria.

Spotted something wrong?

Its winter coat turns completely white except for the black tip of the tail — the "ermine" historically used to trim the robes of European royalty and nobility.

Weight

140 g – 445 g

Size

24.2 cm – 31.2 cm

Life expectancy

5 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Unknown

Temperate forestMountainTundra
49countries24parks28same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It uses delayed implantation, mating in summer but holding off embryonic development until the following spring.
  • It feeds mainly on small mammals such as mice and voles, supplemented with birds and eggs.
  • It lives in a wide range of habitats, from beaches to alpine country, across Europe, Asia and North America.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
A wide range of habitats from beaches to alpine country across Europe, Asia and North America, including forest, grassland and farmland
Birth weight
~2 g at birth, blind and all but naked apart from a fine tuft of white hair on the neck
Size at birth
~2 g at birth
Sexual maturity
Female: 3-6 months | Male: ~1 year
Gestation / incubation
~280 days (including 8-9 months of delayed implantation)
Litter / clutch size
3 to 18 young per litter (average 4-9)

Sources consulted: Animal Diversity Web; IUCN GISD; ESF Adirondack Ecological Center; Mammal Society; Animalia.bio; Encyclopedia of Puget Sound

Where to find it

Loading map…

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 24.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Stoat — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about stoat.

Comments

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
SarekSweden
PadjelantaSweden
JotunheimenNorway
HardangerviddaNorway
Pallas-YllastunturiFinland
Urho KekkonenFinland
Swiss National ParkSwitzerland
Gran ParadisoItaly
VanoiseFrance
Hohe TauernAustria
See all 24 parks
Least Concern

Beech Marten

Martes foina

PolecatLeast Concern

Polecat

Mustela putorius

Least Concern

Least Weasel

Mustela nivalis

WolverineLeast Concern

Wolverine

Gulo gulo

Pine MartenLeast Concern

Pine Marten

Martes martes

European OtterNear Threatened

European Otter

Lutra lutra

CountriesFrance
ParksSarekSweden
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Variable activity
Solitary
Temperate forest
Mountain
Tundra
Mammal

Europe41

Asia5

North America3

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Norway
Sweden
Finland
Italy
Spain
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