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  3. Mandarin Duck

One of the 10 ducks on WAnimals

Birds · Anseriformes · Anatidae

Mandarin Duck

Aix galericulata

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

An exotic-looking duck with extreme sexual dimorphism. The male wears a red crest with green highlights, two creamy-white stripes around the eyes, a coral-red bill, coppery orange feathers forming a kind of whiskers, a purple breast and throat and, on the back, two large orange "sails" curving upwards. The female is ochre brown with a white eye ring and stripe and mottled flanks.

Weight

360 g – 500 g

Size

41 cm – 50 cm

Life expectancy

12 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Estimated population

65,000-66,000 individuals worldwide. Fewer than 1,000 pairs in eastern Russia and as many again in China; some 5,000 pairs in Japan. The feral population in the United Kingdom is around 1,000 pairs

Freshwater
6countries20parks42same family

Fun facts

  • GeneralA symbol of marital faithfulness in East Asia; it nests in tree holes and the ducklings jump to the ground soon after hatching.
  • As soon as the ducklings have dried off, the female drops from the nest and calls them from the ground: the ducklings launch themselves into the air from as much as 9 metres up and land unhurt.
  • In China and Japan it symbolises lasting love and fidelity, which is why a pair is given as a wedding present.
  • Its epithet galericulata means "wigged", from the Latin galerum, cap, after the male's crest.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Rivers and lakes surrounded by woodland
Gestation / incubation
28-30 days, with the female incubating alone
Litter / clutch size
8-12 oval white eggs, laid at daily intervals. The male does not incubate but, unlike other ducks, always accompanies the family as a guard

Sources consulted: IUCN Red List · Wikipedia (Aix galericulata y Mandarin duck) · Asturnatura · Zoobotánico de Jerez · Kaempfer 1727, The History of Japan · Linnaeus 1758 · Boie 1828

Where to find it

Best time: Spring, when the male is in full breeding plumage; in eclipse he resembles the female

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 20.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Mandarin Duck — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about mandarin duck.

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This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
See its range on the interactive map→
ShiretokoJapan
Sikhote-AlinRussia
Seoraksan National ParkSouth Korea
DaisetsuzanJapan
NikkoJapan
JirisanSouth Korea
Changbai MountainChina
OdaesanSouth Korea
WudalianchiChina
BukhansanSouth Korea
See all 20 parks
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Aythya fuligula

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Mute SwanLeast Concern

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Red-breasted Merganser

Mergus serrator

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Common Shelduck

Tadorna tadorna

CountriesJapan
ParksShiretokoJapan
TagsOmnivore
Omnivore
Diurnal
In pairs
Bird
Freshwater
Japan
South Korea
China
Russia
North Korea
Taiwan