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  3. Saiga

Mammals · Artiodactyla · Bovidae

Saiga

Saiga tatarica

Near Threatened

It could become threatened in the near future if current threats go unchecked.

Spotted something wrong?

Its striking large, flexible nose, rather like a short trunk, warms and moistens the cold, dry air of the steppe. As many as 97% of mature males may die each winter after the exhausting rut.

Weight

26 kg – 63 kg

Size

1 m – 1.4 m

Life expectancy

7 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Herd

Lives in large groups as a strategy against predators.

Sighting difficulty

Moderate

Estimated population

It recovered from fewer than 50,000 animals in the early 2000s to more than a million in Kazakhstan during the 2020s.

DesertGrassland
12countries2parks86same family

Fun facts

  • Its short trunk-like nose warms and filters the steppe air.
  • As many as 97% of mature males may die each winter after the rut.
  • It recovered from Critically Endangered status between 2002 and 2021.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Arid steppe and open semi-desert of Central Asia, mainly Kazakhstan, Russia and Mongolia
Birth weight
3.5 kg
Size at birth
Able to stand soon after birth, though it stays hidden for the first few days
Sexual maturity
Female: 7-8 months | Male: 20 months-2 years
Gestation / incubation
140-152 days (~5 months)
Litter / clutch size
1 to 2 young per litter (non-identical twins most often, in up to two thirds of births)
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of 10.5 years in captivity

Sources consulted: AnAge; EBSCO Research Starters; Animal Spot; Animals Time; A-Z Animals; Blue Planet Biomes; Animalia.bio; Website of Everything; Animal Diversity Web; PMC

Where to find it

Best time: From April to May, during the mass calving on the steppes of Kazakhstan, when tens of thousands of females give birth within a few days.

Loading map…

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Saiga — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about saiga.

Comments

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See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
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CountriesKazakhstan
ParksUvs Nuur BasinMongolia
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
In herds
Near Threatened
Desert
Grassland
Mammal
Kazakhstan
Mongolia
Afghanistan
Azerbaijan
China
Iran
Afghanistan
Azerbaijan
China
Iran
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Mongolia
Pakistan
Russia
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan