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One of the 2 bison on WAnimals

European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Mammals · Artiodactyla · Bovidae

European Bison

Bison bonasus

Near Threatened

It could become threatened in the near future if current threats go unchecked.

Spotted something wrong?

The European bison, or wisent, is the heaviest land mammal in Europe. It became extinct in the wild in 1927, when the last wild animal was shot in the Caucasus, and the entire present population descends from barely twelve animals left in zoological collections. The breeding and reintroduction programme begun in the Białowieża forest, between Poland and Belarus, is one of the great successes of European conservation. Today there are free-ranging herds in several countries, including Spain, where there are semi-wild groups.

Weight

300 kg – 920 kg

Size

2.1 m – 3.5 m

Life expectancy

24 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Estimated population

More than 6,000 individuals, almost all in managed populations

Temperate forestGrassland
14countries4parks86same family1featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • The entire species descends from twelve animals: the genetic bottleneck is so extreme that genetic diversity remains one of the main concerns in its conservation.
  • Unlike the American bison, which grazes grass on open plains, the European one is a woodland animal that also browses leaves, shoots and bark.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Deciduous and mixed woodland with clearings and meadows, in eastern and central Europe
Sexual maturity
2 years
Gestation / incubation
8.9 months
Litter / clutch size
1

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Bison bonasus

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with European Bison — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about european bison.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
See its range on the interactive map→
BiałowieżaPoland
Belovezhskaya Pushcha National ParkBelarus
Carpathian Biosphere ReserveUkraine
BieszczadyPoland
Near Threatened

Saiga

Saiga tatarica

Siberian IbexNear Threatened

Siberian Ibex

Capra sibirica

BezoarNear Threatened

Bezoar

Capra aegagrus

ArgaliNear Threatened

Argali

Ovis ammon

MarkhorNear Threatened

Markhor

Capra falconeri

Extinct

Aurochs

Bos primigenius

CountriesPoland
ParksBiałowieżaPoland
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
Near Threatened
Temperate forest
Grassland
Mammal

Europe11

Asia3

Poland
Belarus
Ukraine
Azerbaijan
Czechia
Georgia
Belarus
Czechia
Germany
Latvia
Lithuania
Moldova
Poland
Romania
Slovakia
Spain
Ukraine
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Russia