Asia
Mongolia is the sovereign country with the lowest population density in the world and its landscape reflects it: steppes that run out to the horizon, wooded taiga mountains in the north, glaciers in the Altai and, to the south, the Gobi, a desert of gravel, dunes and red cliffs famous for its beds of dinosaur eggs and skeletons. That fenceless immensity means mass ungulate migrations still exist: hundreds of thousands of Mongolian gazelles move across the eastern steppe following the rains, in one of the last great herbivore movements on the planet. Lake Hovsgol, in the north, holds a large share of the country's fresh water, and the western mountains support one of the most numerous snow leopard populations in the world.
National animal: Przewalski's horse, or takhi, the national animal and the only truly wild horse left in the world
In the Gobi survives the mazaalai, the only bear in the world adapted to living in a true desert. Fewer than forty animals remain, scattered across a handful of oases in an immense arid zone, and they feed mainly on roots, berries and rodents. It is probably the rarest bear on the planet, and the Mongolian government went so far as to declare an official year devoted to its conservation in an attempt to save it.
Przewalski's horse became extinct in the wild in the 1960s and was returned to the steppes of Hustai from 1992 with animals bred in European zoos; today there are wild herds in the country once more. Overgrazing from the growth of cashmere goat flocks is degrading the steppe.
Hustai at dawn and dusk for Przewalski's horses. The Altai in summer for argali and ibex and in winter for snow leopard. The eastern steppe in autumn for gazelles.
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Same region: East Asia
Same region: East Asia
Same region: East Asia
Same region: East Asia
105 species found
Critically EndangeredBactrian Camel
Camelus bactrianus
Critically EndangeredSiberian Crane
Leucogeranus leucogeranus
EndangeredEuropean Ground Squirrel
Spermophilus citellus
VulnerableEastern Imperial Eagle
Aquila heliaca
VulnerableHoubara Bustard
Chlamydotis undulata
VulnerableSiberian Musk Deer
Moschus moschiferus
VulnerableGoitered Gazelle
Gazella subgutturosa
VulnerableRed-crowned Crane
Grus japonensis
VulnerableSnow Leopard
Panthera uncia
VulnerableUrial
Ovis vignei
Near ThreatenedArgali
Ovis ammon
Near ThreatenedGreat Bustard
Otis tarda
Based on what we already know about Mongolia.