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  3. Slovakia

Slovakia

Europe

416

Documented species

9

Parks and reserves

Slovakia is the most mountainous country in central Europe: the Carpathians take up much of its territory and culminate in the High Tatras, the smallest alpine range in the world, with glacial cirques, high-altitude lakes and rock faces above 2,600 metres. Its forests, covering close to forty per cent of the country, include primeval beech woods recognised as World Heritage and support one of the highest brown bear densities in Europe, along with wolves, lynx and wildcats. To the east, the Slovak Paradise is a maze of limestone gorges crossed by walkways and waterfalls, and the Slovak karst, shared with Hungary, holds hundreds of caves, among them cavities with permanent ice formations. The Danube lowlands, in the southwest, add riverside woodland, side channels and a waterbird fauna quite unlike that of the mountains.

Nature in Slovakia

National animal: The brown bear is the national emblematic animal; the double cross is the state's heraldic symbol

Did you know?

The Tatra chamois is a subspecies left isolated in those mountains as the glaciers withdrew and exists nowhere else in the world. In the late 1990s its population crashed below two hundred animals through poaching and tourist pressure. Restrictions on access to the high ground and permanent surveillance have allowed it to recover to more than a thousand animals today, split between Slovakia and Poland.

Biodiversity profile

Conservation

The primeval beech forests of the Slovak Carpathians form part of the World Heritage property that groups the ancient beech woods of eighteen countries. Coexisting with a high brown bear population in tourist areas is the main management challenge.

Where and when to watch wildlife

The High Tatras between June and September for chamois and marmots. Poloniny in autumn for European bison and the deer rut. Mountain skies in spring for golden eagles displaying.

Parks and reserves

National Park

Poloniny

The tallest beeches in the world, in the first tripartite biosphere reserve on the planet.

See park
National Park

Slovenský kras

Slovakia's first biosphere reserve, a temperate karst with more than 700 caves, 12 of them on the World Heritage List.

See park
National Park

Tatras (Slovakia)

Slovakia's first national park, on the northernmost alpine range in Europe.

See park
National Park

Malá Fatra

Limestone ridges and gorges in north-western Slovakia, the country of the outlaw Jánošík.

See park
National Park

Muránska planina

A karst plateau in central Slovakia with semi-wild Hucul horses and a flora of very high endemism.

See park
National Park

Nízke Tatry

Slovakia's largest national park, with the Demänovská ice cave and unbroken montane forests.

See park
National Park

Slovak Paradise (Slovenský raj)

Famous for its routes fitted with chains and metal ladders that climb quite literally up through its river gorges

See park
National Park

Pieniny (Slovakia)

The Slovak half of one of the first transboundary parks in the world, above the Dunajec gorge.

See park
National Park

Veľká Fatra

The largest yew woodland in Europe, on a limestone massif in central Slovakia.

See park

Similar countries

Where else might I want to travel?

Poland

Same region: Eastern Europe

Russia

Same region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

Same region: Eastern Europe

Czechia

Same region: Eastern Europe

Species documented in Slovakia

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Conservation

416 species found

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Based on what we already know about Slovakia.

ParkPoloniny

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European Flesh FlyNot Evaluated

European Flesh Fly

Sarcophaga carnaria

Northern ShovelerLeast Concern

Northern Shoveler

Spatula clypeata

House-flyLeast Concern

House-fly

Musca domestica

Common RavenLeast Concern

Common Raven

Corvus corax

Northern House MosquitoLeast Concern

Northern House Mosquito

Culex pipiens

Reed BuntingLeast Concern

Reed Bunting

Emberiza schoeniclus

Tiger MosquitoNot Evaluated

Tiger Mosquito

Aedes albopictus

Purple HeronLeast Concern

Purple Heron

Ardea purpurea

Codling MothNot Evaluated

Codling Moth

Cydia pomonella

Barn SwallowLeast Concern

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

European Corn-borerNot Evaluated

European Corn-borer

Ostrinia nubilalis

House SparrowLeast Concern

House Sparrow

Passer domesticus

Page 19 of 35
Temperate forest
Mountain