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  3. Black Stork

One of the 4 storks on WAnimals

Black Stork (Ciconia nigra)

Birds · Ciconiiformes · Ciconiidae

Black Stork

Ciconia nigra

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

A slender, dark-toned wading bird, somewhat smaller than the white stork. Head, neck, breast, back, wings and tail are black with intense green and purple iridescence, and the underparts white. Bill, legs and eye-ring are red. The breast feathers form a hanging ruff that it fans out in courtship.

Weight

3 kg on average

Size

95 cm – 1.1 m

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Estimated population

386 pairs on the Iberian Peninsula according to the 2017 SEO/BirdLife survey (346 confirmed and 40 probable). Some 50 pairs remain in Germany and the eastern European population is around 500

46countries15parks6same family2natural phenomena1featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • comportamientoUnlike the white stork it avoids towns, preferring quiet woodland beside rivers, and is far shyer and harder to see.
  • Unlike the white stork, it avoids people altogether and seeks out the most isolated corners in which to breed.
  • On migration between Europe and Africa it avoids long sea crossings and skirts the Mediterranean by way of Gibraltar, Sicily or the Levant.
  • There is a southern African population that does not migrate at all.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Remote spots in sierras and woodland, far from any human presence, where it nests on rock or in large trees. It winters in the Guadalquivir marshes and on some Extremaduran reservoirs
Sexual maturity
3 years
Gestation / incubation
38-42 days, with both parents incubating
Litter / clutch size
3-5 white eggs, from April to June. One of the parents always stays with the chicks for the first 10-15 days, and they fledge at 63-71 days

Sources consulted: SEO/BirdLife (ficha y censo nacional 2017); IUCN Red List; Kahl 1987, Colonial Waterbirds 10(2); Wood 1984, Journal of Ornithology 125

Where to find it

Best time: From spring to summer in the sierras of the south-western quarter; on migration it crosses the Strait of Gibraltar

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 15.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Black Stork — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
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Related guides

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Based on what we already know about black stork.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
BiałowieżaPoland
LahemaaEstonia
Belovezhskaya Pushcha National ParkBelarus
Aukštaitija National ParkLithuania
Carpathian Biosphere ReserveUkraine
CabañerosSpain
Šumava (Bohemian Forest)Czechia
MonfragueSpain
Sierra de GuadarramaSpain
BieszczadyPoland
See all 15 parks
White StorkLeast Concern

White Stork

Ciconia ciconia

Least Concern

Great Crested Grebe

Podiceps cristatus

Golden EagleLeast Concern

Golden Eagle

Aquila chrysaetos

Peregrine FalconLeast Concern

Peregrine Falcon

Falco peregrinus

Least Concern

Goosander

Mergus merganser

Red-throated LoonLeast Concern

Red-throated Loon

Gavia stellata

Where to see Black Stork15 places
CountriesGermany
ParksBiałowieżaPoland
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
In pairs
Bird

Europe40

Asia5

Africa1

Germany
Spain
Poland
Belarus
Czechia
Estonia
Albania
Andorra
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kosovo
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Moldova
Montenegro
Netherlands
North Macedonia
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Russia
Türkiye
South Africa