Birds · Galliformes · Phasianidae

Red Junglefowl

Gallus gallus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk. See full glossary

The red junglefowl, formerly also known as the bankiva fowl, is a tropical species of the family Phasianidae native to South-East Asia. The red junglefowl is the main origin of most of the different breeds of domestic chicken, with some hybridisation from the grey junglefowl. The wild fowl was domesticated at least seven thousand years ago in Asia and later introduced throughout the world. The domestic form is raised globally as a source of meat and eggs.

Weight

500 g – 844 g

Size

40 cm – 75 cm

Lifespan

8 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Family group

Lives in small family groups with close bonds.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

15countries21same family

Fun facts

  • It is the most abundant land vertebrate on the planet: the biomass of domestic chickens exceeds that of all the wild birds in the world put together, and their bones have been proposed as a characteristic fossil marker of the Anthropocene.
  • Chickens recognise more than a hundred of their own kind as individuals and establish a stable hierarchy, the pecking order, a concept first described in this species in 1921.
  • The wild red junglefowl still exists in the Asian forests, but it hybridises with feral chickens to the point that genetically pure populations are becoming ever scarcer.

Life cycle & biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat & environment
Secondary forest and scrub of South-East Asia for the wild form; farms and yards worldwide
Birth weight
Precocial: born covered in down and leaves the nest within a few hours
Size at birth
Precocial: born covered in down and leaves the nest within a few hours
Sexual maturity
6 months
Gestation / incubation
21 days of incubation
Litter / clutch size
6 eggs

Sources consulted: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallus_gallus

Best time: All year round in South-East Asia, at dawn and dusk, along forest edges and in bamboo.

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