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  3. Molly

Bony fish · Cyprinodontiformes · Poeciliidae

Molly

Poecilia sphenops

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

The molly is a Central American live-bearing fish with a stocky body and a length under 8 cm, found in streams, springs and estuaries from Mexico to Honduras. It tolerates everything from fresh water to full marine salinity and water very low in oxygen, which lets it colonise pools and irrigation ditches where hardly any other fish survives. The female gives birth to between 20 and 150 fully formed fry after about 28 days of gestation. It is one of the most widely kept aquarium fish in the world, and most of the individuals in the trade are selected varieties, such as the black molly.

Size

4 cm – 7.5 cm

Life expectancy

5 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

School

Gathers in coordinated schools, typical of fish.

Freshwater
17countries8dive sites4same family

Fun facts

  • GeneralViviparous: it bears fully formed young and tolerates a wide range of salinity.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bony fish)
Habitat and environment
Slow rivers, estuaries and brackish water
Sexual maturity
Length at first maturity 3.5 cm
Gestation / incubation
About 28 days
Litter / clutch size
20-150 young per litter

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Poecilia sphenops · Fichas de acuariofilia de Poecilia sphenops · FishBase (Froese & Pauly) via fichas de acuariofilia · FishBase, Poecilia sphenops · bioRxiv 209346, fotoperiodo y rendimiento reproductivo en Poecilia sphenops · Fichas de manejo de Poecilia sphenops

Where to find it

Best time: The spawning season in natural conditions runs from July to October, coinciding with the rainy season, with a second peak in February

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The pins mark the dive sites where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Molly — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about molly.

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See full glossary
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See its range on the interactive map→
Cenote Dos OjosMexico
Cenote Chac MoolMexico
Cenote AngelitaMexico
Gran CenoteMexico
Cenote Casa CenoteMexico
Cenote CalaveraMexico
Sac Actun SystemMexico
Ox Bel Ha SystemMexico
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Xiphophorus hellerii

Data Deficient

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Morelet's Crocodile

Crocodylus moreletii

TarponVulnerable

Tarpon

Megalops atlanticus

CountriesMexico
TagsOmnivore
Omnivore
Fish
Freshwater

North America8

Asia5

South America2

Africa1

Oceania1

Mexico
Australia
Belize
Colombia
Costa Rica
Guatemala
Belize
Costa Rica
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
United States
Indonesia
Israel
Japan
Philippines
Singapore
Colombia
Venezuela
South Africa
Australia