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  3. Muskox
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus)

Mammals · Artiodactyla · Bovidae

Muskox

Ovibos moschatus

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

Despite its cattle-like appearance, it is more closely related genetically to sheep and goats than to cattle. Faced with a threat it forms a distinctive defensive circle, adults facing outwards and calves protected in the centre.

Weight

140 kg – 410 kg

Size

1.9 m – 2.5 m

Life expectancy

17 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Herd

Lives in large groups as a strategy against predators.

TundraPolar
9countries4parks86same family1featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • anatomíaIt has a double coat: long outer guard hairs over an extremely fine insulating underlayer, reckoned one of the warmest natural fibres in the world.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Arctic tundra of North America and Greenland, plus reintroduced populations in Scandinavia and Siberia
Birth weight
9 - 11.5 kg
Size at birth
Able to stand and suckle 45 minutes after birth, already with a layer of qiviut (underwool) and brown fat
Sexual maturity
1-4 years, varying with body condition
Gestation / incubation
8-9 months (258 days)
Litter / clutch size
1 young (twins are very rare and seldom survive)
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of 27.4 years in captivity

Sources consulted: AnAge · Animal Diversity Web · Dimensions.com · PMC · Wildlife Vagabond · A-Z Animals · PBS Nature · AnimalHub · National Geographic

Where to find it

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Muskox — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about muskox.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano
See its range on the interactive map→
AuyuittuqCanada
IvvavikCanada
Wrangel IslandRussia
Dovrefjell-SunndalsfjellaNorway
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CountriesCanada
ParksAuyuittuqCanada
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
In herds
Tundra
Polar
Mammal

Europe5

North America3

Asia1

Canada
Norway
Russia
Denmark
Finland
Greenland
Denmark
Finland
Iceland
Norway
Sweden
Canada
Greenland
United States
Russia