Its electric organs are already working before it is born.
From Marbled Electric Ray
It hunts by wrapping its pectoral fins around prey before stunning it.
From Marbled Electric Ray
It can generate electric discharges of up to 200 volts.
From Marbled Electric Ray
The IUCN listed it in 2021 as Endangered globally and Critically Endangered in Europe and the Mediterranean, because of the decline of its populations under fishing pressure and habitat destruction.
From Spiny Butterfly Ray
It is ovoviviparous: the embryos develop inside the mother, feeding first on the yolk and then on a uterine secretion, and are born fully formed after about six months.
From Spiny Butterfly Ray
It is told apart from the smooth butterfly ray by the spine at the base of the tail and by a small fleshy appendage on the edge of each spiracle.
From Spiny Butterfly Ray
Its egg capsules, rectangular and with four horns, are the commonest mermaid's purses on European beaches, and there are citizen science schemes in several countries that ask beachgoers to collect and photograph them in order to map where the rays breed.
From Thornback Ray
The spines on its back have a broad, rounded base, like the head of a nail, and they are its main distinguishing feature among the European rays.
From Thornback Ray

Ecosystems