Honduras

América del Norte

Honduras is a mountainous country with more than half its surface above six hundred metres, covered largely by pine and oak forest and, on the western summits, by cloud forests such as those of Celaque and Cusuco. To the northeast lies La Mosquitia, the largest area of tropical rainforest in Central America north of the Panama Canal, crossed by the Plátano river and virtually without roads. On the Caribbean coast, the Bay Islands sit on the Mesoamerican reef, with coral walls that drop to great depth very close to land. The wetlands of the Gulf of Fonseca, on the Pacific, and the coastal lagoons of the Caribbean complete the mosaic.

The nature of Honduras

National animal: The white-tailed deer is the national animal and the scarlet macaw the national bird

Did you know?

At Yoro a phenomenon known as the rain of fish has been recorded for more than a century: after certain heavy spring storms, small fish appear scattered on the ground, far from any river. Explanations have been proposed such as waterspouts that suck them from the sea, or subterranean fish that emerge as the water table rises, but the episode repeats so regularly that the town devotes an annual festival to it.

Biodiversity profile

America Central (hotspot de Mesoamerica)Aprox. 25% del territorio declarado area protegida segun fuentes de turismo de naturaleza (dato no verificado con fuente oficial de gobierno)

Climate

  • Tropical humedo (Af/Am) en la costa caribeña
  • Tropical con estacion seca (Aw) en el interior y la costa pacifica
  • Templado de montaña en zonas altas

Main biomes

  • Bosque tropical humedo (Mosquitia, uno de los mayores remanentes de selva de Centroamerica)
  • Bosque de pino-encino en tierras altas
  • Manglares del Caribe (Northern Honduras mangroves)
  • Selva tropical húmeda
  • Bosque nuboso de montaña
  • Bosque de pino y encino
  • Arrecife mesoamericano
  • Manglar costero
  • Sabana de pinos
  • Laguna costera

Marine and coastal ecosystems

  • Sistema Arrecifal Mesoamericano (Islas de la Bahia)
  • Manglares costeros del Caribe

Flagship wildlife

Notable endemic species

  • Colibri esmeralda, la unica ave endemica de toda Centroamerica, presente en el Parque Nacional Pico Bonito
  • Salamandra de Cusuco
  • Colibrí esmeralda hondureño

Notable threatened species

  • Guacamayo rojo (Vulnerable/En Peligro segun region)
  • Manati antillano (Vulnerable)
  • 700+ especies de aves registradas, 25% del territorio declarado protegido segun fuentes de turismo de naturaleza

Notable protected areas

  • Parque Nacional Pico Bonito (mayor area protegida de Atlantida)
  • Reserva de la Biosfera del Rio Platano (Patrimonio Mundial, Mosquitia)
  • Parque Nacional Celaque
  • Parque Nacional Cusuco
  • Islas de la Bahía
  • Golfo de Fonseca

Main conservation threats

  • Deforestacion en la Mosquitia por ganaderia y narcotrafico
  • Corredores climaticos de adaptacion moderadamente protegidos (mediana 47% de proteccion segun estudio PLOS ONE)
  • Huracanes frecuentes

Notable natural phenomena

  • Zona de "corredor de huracanes" de Centroamerica, con impactos historicos crecientes en frecuencia

Conservation

The Río Plátano is a World Heritage Site and has been on the list of sites in danger because of deforestation and illegal ranching. Utila is one of the few places in the world where whale sharks can be seen for almost the whole year, thanks to a deep channel that brings the plankton close to shore.

Where and when to watch wildlife

Utila between March and May for whale sharks. Cusuco and Celaque in the dry season for quetzals and amphibians. The Río Plátano by boat for macaws and forest wildlife.

Sources: PMC/PLOS ONE - Mapping climate adaptation corridors Central America | visitcentroamerica.com - National Parks of Central America | Wikipedia - Northern Honduras mangroves

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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about Honduras.