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  3. South African Ground Squirrel

One of the 13 squirrels on WAnimals

Mammals · Rodentia · Sciuridae

South African Ground Squirrel

Xerus inauris

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

The South African ground squirrel is a social rodent of the arid plains of southern Africa. It does not climb trees: it lives in colonies that dig shared burrow systems, often with meerkats and yellow mongooses as neighbours. It feeds on bulbs, roots, seeds and some insects. Its most recognisable habit is the use of its bushy tail as a parasol: it spreads it over its back and head to shade itself while foraging under the Kalahari sun.

Weight

400 g – 1 kg

Size

20 cm – 29 cm

Life expectancy

11 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

DesertGrassland
35countries18parks22same family

Fun facts

  • It uses its tail as a parasol: it fans it out over its back and angles it according to the position of the sun, which lets it carry on foraging above ground when the surface is over fifty degrees.
  • It shares burrows with meerkats and yellow mongooses: the three species live together in the same tunnel system and make mutual use of one another's alarm calls against raptors and jackals.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Arid plains on hard ground, semi-desert and scrub of the Kalahari and the Karoo
Sexual maturity
12 months
Gestation / incubation
45 days
Litter / clutch size
2.2 (average)

Sources consulted: Wikipedia (es): Xerus inauris

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 18.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with South African Ground Squirrel — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about south african ground squirrel.

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
KgalagadiSouth Africa
EtoshaNamibia
Namib-NaukluftNamibia
Fish River CanyonNamibia
Makgadikgadi PansBotswana
Central Kalahari Game ReserveBotswana
KarooSouth Africa
Augrabies FallsSouth Africa
Ai-Ais RichtersveldSouth Africa
Mountain ZebraSouth Africa
See all 18 parks
Rock HyraxLeast Concern

Rock Hyrax

Procavia capensis

Least Concern

Bush Hyrax

Heterohyrax brucei

MeerkatLeast Concern

Meerkat

Suricata suricatta

Banded MongooseLeast Concern

Banded Mongoose

Mungos mungo

Least Concern

Yellow Mongoose

Cynictis penicillata

Least Concern

Black Wildebeest

Connochaetes gnou

CountriesSouth Africa
ParksKgalagadiSouth Africa
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Desert
Grassland
Mammal
South Africa
Namibia
Botswana
Angola
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Angola
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Côte d’Ivoire
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea-Bissau
Lesotho
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Togo
Zambia
Zimbabwe