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  3. African Savanna Elephant

One of the 3 elephants on WAnimals

African Savanna Elephant (Loxodonta africana)

Mammals · Proboscidea · Elephantidae

African Savanna Elephant

Loxodonta africana

Endangered

At very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Spotted something wrong?

The largest land mammal on the planet, recognisable by its huge ears and ivory tusks. It lives in matriarchal herds with strong family bonds.

Weight

2 t – 6 t

Size

3 m – 4 m

Life expectancy

60 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Herd

Lives in large groups as a strategy against predators.

Estimated population

The last reliable continental count puts African elephants of both species at some 415,000 (African Elephant Status Report 2016); around three quarters of them are savannah elephants

Savanna
43countries58parks3same family2natural phenomena12featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It can eat up to 150 kg of vegetation a day.
  • Its tusks keep growing throughout its life.
  • It has an exceptional memory and can recall migration routes from decades earlier.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Savannas, open woodland and semi-desert country across sub-Saharan Africa
Birth weight
90 - 120 kg (average ~100 kg)
Size at birth
On its feet shortly after birth, all but blind, and dependent on its mother's trunk
Sexual maturity
Male: mature at 10-20 years, but rarely breeds successfully before 20 | Female: mature at 10-12 years, with a first calf usually between 14 and 16
Gestation / incubation
~22 months (660-680 days); the longest gestation of any land mammal
Litter / clutch size
1 calf (twins in under 1% of births)
Life expectancy in captivity
Anecdotally up to 80 years

Sources consulted: A-Z Animals · SDZWA Library Fact Sheet · SeaWorld/Busch Gardens · Animal Diversity Web · AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · The Nature Conservancy · IUCN 2021 (Gobush et al.), reevaluación del elefante de sabana como En peligro: declive de al menos el 60 % en tres generaciones (50 años) · IUCN African Elephant Status Report 2016 · IUCN 2021, comunicado de reevaluación de las dos especies africanas

Where to find it

Best time: May to October, the dry season

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 58.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with African Savanna Elephant — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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How to help

The african savanna elephant is classified as endangered. Organisations such as Save the Elephants work specifically on its conservation and that of its habitat; looking into their programmes is a good starting point if you want to get involved.

Visit the Save the Elephants website

It's documented in 10 protected areas — one reason why protecting these places matters for its conservation.

Related guides

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about african savanna elephant.

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See full glossary
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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Serengeti National ParkTanzania
Maasai Mara National ReserveKenya
Kruger National ParkSouth Africa
Okavango DeltaBotswana
NgorongoroTanzania
KilimanjaroTanzania
AmboseliKenya
TsavoKenya
VirungaDemocratic Republic of the Congo
Moremi (Okavango Delta)Botswana
See all 58 parks
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Masai Giraffe

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GiraffeVulnerable

Giraffe

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African BuffaloNear Threatened

African Buffalo

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Where to see African Savanna Elephant in Tanzania10 places
CountriesTanzania
ParksSerengeti National ParkTanzania
TagsBig Five
Big Five
Herbivore
Variable activity
In herds
Endangered
Savannah
Mammal
Tanzania
Kenya
South Africa
Botswana
Zambia
Uganda
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe