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One of the 2 buffaloes on WAnimals

African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Mammals · Artiodactyla · Bovidae

African Buffalo

Syncerus caffer

Near Threatened

It could become threatened in the near future if current threats go unchecked.

Spotted something wrong?

It lives in large herds and has a reputation as one of the most unpredictable and dangerous animals in Africa for anyone who approaches on foot.

Weight

425 kg – 870 kg

Size

2.4 m – 3.4 m

Life expectancy

20 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Irregular activity

Active at irregular times, by day or night depending on circumstances.

Social structure

Herd

Lives in large groups as a strategy against predators.

Estimated population

Some 573,000 animals in total, of which around 400,000 are mature individuals; the savannah subspecies (S. c. caffer) accounts for the great majority and the forest buffalo (S. c. nanus) numbers around 56,000-60,000. Tanzania holds the most, some 225,000

Savanna
43countries61parks86same family7featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • Herds can exceed a thousand animals.
  • Its fused horns form a bony "shield" known as the boss.
  • It remembers the predators that have attacked it and can retaliate as a group.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Savannas, open woodland and tropical forest across much of sub-Saharan Africa, depending on the subspecies
Birth weight
23-60 kg at birth (up to 55-60 kg in the Cape buffalo)
Size at birth
23-60 kg at birth
Sexual maturity
Female: ~5 years | Male: ~8 years
Gestation / incubation
330-346 days (~340 days)
Litter / clutch size
1 calf per birth (twins very rare)
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 29-32.8 years

Sources consulted: Ultimate Ungulate (detailed information) · Dimensions.com · A-Z Animals · The Animal Facts · AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · Britannica (Cape buffalo) · Animal Corner · SA-Venues · IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group 2019, IUCN Red List (Casi amenazado): descenso del 18 % entre 1999 y 2014 por caza furtiva, conversión del hábitat y enfermedades · IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group 2019, IUCN Red List e.T21251A50195031 · San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Library

Where to find it

Best time: All year round, close to water

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 61.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with African Buffalo — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about african buffalo.

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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Serengeti National ParkTanzania
Maasai Mara National ReserveKenya
Kruger National ParkSouth Africa
Okavango DeltaBotswana
NgorongoroTanzania
KilimanjaroTanzania
AmboseliKenya
TsavoKenya
Lake NakuruKenya
VolcanoesRwanda
See all 61 parks
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Thomson's Gazelle

Eudorcas thomsonii

PukuNear Threatened

Puku

Kobus vardonii

Lesser KuduNear Threatened

Lesser Kudu

Tragelaphus imberbis

GerenukNear Threatened

Gerenuk

Litocranius walleri

Least Concern

Kob

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ImpalaLeast Concern

Impala

Aepyceros melampus

CountriesKenya
ParksSerengeti National ParkTanzania
TagsBig Five
Big Five
Herbivore
Variable activity
In herds
Near Threatened
Savanna
Mammal
Kenya
Tanzania
South Africa
Uganda
Zambia
Botswana
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe