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  3. American White Pelican

One of the 8 pelicans on WAnimals

American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos)

Birds · Pelecaniformes · Pelecanidae

American White Pelican

Pelecanus erythrorhynchos

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

A very large soaring waterbird, white apart from the primaries and secondaries, which are black and show mainly in flight. The bill is orange, very large and broad. In the breeding season it grows a horny crest on the upper mandible, a feature unique to this species. Both sexes look alike, though the male is somewhat larger.

Weight

5 kg – 9 kg

Size

1.2 m – 1.8 m

Diet

Piscivore

Feeds mainly on fish.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Colony

Lives in large concentrations, often for breeding reasons.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Estimated population

The total population has increased considerably since 1985

44countries10parks7same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It does not plunge-dive like the brown pelican: it fishes cooperatively, with several birds herding fish together into the shallows.
  • Each individual eats around 1.5 kg of fish a day, mainly carp, shad, perch and catfish.
  • It flies in groups of up to 3,500 birds, in V formation or in single file, covering as much as 500 km.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Freshwater lakes, chiefly in Texas and Florida outside the breeding season. It nests in colonies of several hundred pairs on islands in North American freshwater lakes; the northernmost colonies are on the rapids of the Slave River, between Alberta and the Northwest Territories
Litter / clutch size
It incubates its eggs by standing over them, a behaviour uncommon among birds

Sources consulted: IUCN Red List; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Audubon Field Guide; Damisela; EcuRed; iNaturalist; Elliott 1992; Gmelin 1789

Where to find it

Best time: Winter in the Gulf states and Florida; summer in Canada and the northern United States

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with American White Pelican — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park
Shares a park
Shares a park

Related guides

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Based on what we already know about american white pelican.

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See full glossary
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The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Danube DeltaRomania
Lake NakuruKenya
Banc d'ArguinMauritania
Orango Islands National ParkGuinea-Bissau
PrespaGreece
Queen ElizabethUganda
WazaCameroon
DiawlingMauritania
Djoudj Bird SanctuarySenegal
Lower CasamanceSenegal
Great White PelicanLeast Concern

Great White Pelican

Pelecanus onocrotalus

Pink-Backed PelicanLeast Concern

Pink-Backed Pelican

Pelecanus rufescens

Dalmatian PelicanNear Threatened

Dalmatian Pelican

Pelecanus crispus

Greater FlamingoLeast Concern

Greater Flamingo

Phoenicopterus roseus

Least Concern

Common Swift

Apus apus

Black-winged StiltLeast Concern

Black-winged Stilt

Himantopus himantopus

Where to see American White Pelican10 places
CountriesMauritania
ParksDanube DeltaRomania
TagsPiscivore
Piscivore
Diurnal
Colonial
Bird
Mauritania
Senegal
Cameroon
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Uganda
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe